Gene Expression
any cell of a living organism other than the reproductive cells.
What is a somatic cell
one of the two identical parts of a duplicated chromosome in a eukaryotic cell
the theory that all life forms descended from one "universal common ancestor"
What is common ancestry
The body system responsible for carrying materials through out the body through arteries and veins
What is the circulatory/cardiovascular system
a viral reproductive cycle in which the viral DNA is added to the host cell's DNA and is copied along with the host cell's DNA
What is the lysogenic cycle
if a substitution does not change the amino acid
What is a substitution silent mutation
In a organism that reproduces sexually, a cell containing two homologous sets of chromosomes, one set inherited from each parent; a 2n cell has 46 chromosomes
What is a diploid
Embryonic similarities between organisms of different species
Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution to body cells.
What is the digestive system
Disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population.
What is a pandemic
a mutation in which a nucleotide is deleted shifting amino acid arrangement
a display of micrographs of the metaphase choromosomes of a cell, arranged by size and centromere position
What are karyotypes
the record of the occurrence and evolution of living organisms through geologic time as inferred from fossils.
What is a fossil record
Glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction, and nutrient use (metabolism) by body cells.
What is the endocrine system
All of a plant's roots that anchor it in the soil, absorb and transport minerals and water, and store food.
What is the root system
Things in an environment, internal or external, that can change something about how a gene is expressed.
What is an environmental factor
A cell preparing to undergo meiosis duplicates its chromosomes during
What is the interphase
the hypothesis that evolutionary development is marked by isolated episodes of rapid speciation between long periods of little or no change.
the system that removes waste from your body and controls water balance
What is the excretory system
The aerial portion of a plant body, consisting of stems, leaves, and (in angiosperms) flowers. Transport water and nutrients.
What is the shoot system
mutation that shifts the "reading" frame of the genetic message by inserting or deleting a nucleotide
What is a frameshift mutation
In a sexually reproducing organism, the division of a single diploid nucleus into four haploid daughter nuclei. produce haploid gametes from diploid cells in the reporductive organs of the parents
What is meiosis
the formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution.
What is speciation
the network of nerve cells and fibers that transmits nerve impulses between parts of the body.
What is the nervous system
A growth response of a plant toward or away from a stimulus
What is tropism