The Particle Theory
How many theories are there?
Six.
What is a solute?
It is a substance in a solution that dissolves in a solvent.
What is a solvent?
It is a substance that dissolves in a solution, and dissolves the solute.
Will a cup of tea that is hot dissolve something more easily, or tea that is cold?
A cup of hot tea.
Matter makes up...
Everything.
When particles are heated they.....
Move faster
True or false: In a concentrated solution, there is a relatively small amount of solute.
False, there is a relatively large amount of solute in a concentrated solution.
Is there a majority of solvent in a dilute solution?
Yes, there is.
What is the main factor of solubility present when you shake a coke bottle?
Pressure.
A bowl of water is heated to the point that the water becomes gas. This is called....
Evaporation.
Particles are always....
Moving.
In lemonade, what is the solute?
Lemon juice.
Does a solvent dissolve in a solute, or vice versa?
A solute dissolves in a solvent.
When you _______ the tea it dissolves more easily.
Stir.
Filtration is when you....
Use a filter to trap solids and larger particles and separate them.
Are particles in a mixed substance all identical?
No, there are several different types of particles in a mixed substance.
When no more solute can dissolve, the substance is called......
Saturated.
What happens when you create a substance by mixing oil and water?
The oil floats on top of the water because they are both polar substances and they don't mix.
Pressure has a minimal effect on liquids and solids, but has a large effect on...
Gases.
When you are sifting a pot of spaghetti, what device do you use to separate the substances?
A strainer.
Do particles overlap?
No, particles always have space between them.
True or False: In a dilute solution, you add more solute to make is dilute.
False, you add more solvent without adding more solute.
What substance is known as the universal solvent and why?
Water. Water is a universal solvent because it can dissolve more substances than any other liquid. It is made up of two hydrogen molecules and one oxygen molecule. Its molecules have a polar charge, so it can dissolve any substance that has charged molecules or polar molecules like itself. So the reason that water is called the universal solvent is because it has an ability like no other to break down substances and dissolve them.
True or False: When the particles are smaller, they dissolve easier.
True, the smaller the particle, the easier it dissolves.
You use a magnet to separate the magnetic particles from the non-magnetic.