Convection in the Mantle
How is heat transferred in 3 different ways?
1. Conduction
2. Radiation
3. Convection
Who came up with the idea of continental drift?
German scientist Alfred Wegener
How do scientists map mid-ocean ridges?
They use sonar
Plate
A section of the lithosphere that slowly moves across the asthenosphere
What are the cracks where plate boundaries meet?
They are called boundaries
Give an example of conduction.
Putting a hot spoon in your mouth and burning your tongue.
What was Alfred's supporting evidence for continental drift?
Land features
fossils
climate change
Where is the older and newer rocks located on a Mid-ocean ridge?
New rocks are located at the ridge and older rocks are located at the top.
Scientific theory
A well tested concept that explains a wide range of observations
What are the three different situations that can occur where tectonic plates meet?
Divergent Boundary
3. Transform Boundary
What are the two places where convection in the mantle happens?
In the Mantle and Outer core
Why was Alfred's idea rejected by other scientists?
His idea was rejected because he could not explain why or how the continents drifted.
In the pacific is subduction happening at a faster rate or is seafloor spreading?
Subduction is happing at a faster rate.
Fault
A break in Earth’s crust where masses of rock slip past each other
What is the motion of plate tectonics driven by?
Convection currents in the mantle
Give and example of Radiation
Warming yourself by campfire.
How did Alfred think mountains where formed?
Mountains where formed when continents collided.
In which ocean is seafloor spreading happing faster?
Atlantic ocean
Divergent boundary
A plate boundary where two plates move away from each other
What does the theory of plate tectonics state?
that the individual pieces of the Earth’s lithosphere are in slow, constant motion.
How is heat or thermal energy transferred?
It is transferred from areas of high heat to areas of low heat.
What was the book that Alfred published his ideas about continental drift in?
The Origin of Contents and Oceans
What evidence supports seafloor spreading?
eruptions , magnetic stripes in rocks , and ages of rocks.
Rift valley
A deep valley that forms where two plates move apart
Who developed the theory of plate tectonics?
Developed by the Canadian scientist J. Tuzo Wilson