STRUCTURE OF DNA
Name of the Structure of DNA
Double Helix
Why is DNA Replication described as semi-conservative
because the DNA is composed of a strand from the origional parent DNA and one strand that is newly synthesized.
What are proteins
Proteins are made of amino acids that are joined together in polypeptide chains
How does translation work?
mRNA attaches to the ribosome in the cytoplasm
How many ways is RNA different to DNA
3
Name the nitrogenous bases found in DNA and their hydrogen bonds
Adenine+Thymine
Cytosine+Gaunine
Why do cells carry out DNA replication?
To prepare for cell division - each new cell will require its own DNA
Why are proteins important
They have roles in cell transport, the immune system, movement, hormones, and more
what does tRNA carry?
amino-acids
What does the m in mRNA mean
messanger
A section of DNA that codes for protein
a gene
What is Topoisomerase
It is the muscle of the operation, relaxing the super coiled nature of DNA
Where does protein synthasis happen in the eukaryotic cell
Nucleus and cytoplasm
The tRNA molecules __________ from their amino acids
detach
Is RNA usually Single or double stranded
Single
Meaning of DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What is Exonuclease like
It is like a pair of scissors
Where does protein synthasis happen in the prokaryotic cell
Cytoplasm
what do amino acids form?
peptide bonds
What is the non-coding regions in a eurkaryotes with mRNA
Introns
Proteins that associate with DNA and help to pack and condense it
Histones
What does DNA polymerase do
It synthesizes new strands of DNA by adding DNA nucleotides
What are the sections of DNA that code for protein called?
Genes
RNA has Uracil-not ______
Thymine
In what process is introns removed and what does mRNA leave form?
Splicing and leaving from the nucleor pores