Vocabulary
What do we call the path that electricity flows through?
The circuit
What kind of energy comes from moving things?
Motion Energy (Kinetic Energy)
When two objects bump into each other and energy moves from one to another, what is this called?
This could be collision or energy transfer.
What do we call anything that takes up space and has weight?
Matter
What is a material called that lets electricity pass through it easily?
Conductor
Mia tries to stick a magnet to a plastic ruler, a wooden pencil, and a paperclip. Only one object sticks. Which one and why?
Paperclip because it is made of metal (iron)
What is energy conservation? (the first law)
It states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only changed from one form to another.
What kind of energy is stored because of an object's position or condition?
Potential Energy
When you turn on a radio and hear music, electrical energy changes into sound energy. What is it called when energy changes from one form to another?
Transformation of Energy
What is the stuff that everything around you is made of?
Matter
If you use a metal spoon and a plastic spoon to try and complete a circuit, which one will let electricity flow and make a bulb light up?
The metal spoon, because metal is a conductor.
What are the two ends of a magnet called?
The north pole and south pole
What is the name for heat moving from one object to another by touching?
Conduction
List 5 types of energy.
Kinetic Energy — energy of moving objects
Potential Energy — stored energy based on position or condition
Electrical Energy — energy from the flow of electrons (electricity)
Heat (Thermal) Energy — energy from the movement of particles that causes temperature
Light (Radiant) Energy — energy that we can see, like from the sun or a lamp
Sound Energy — energy carried by sound waves
Chemical Energy — energy stored in food, fuels, and batteries
Sarah lifts a heavy box onto a shelf. What kind of energy does the box have while it’s up high on the shelf?
Potential Energy
What state of matter keeps its shape and has particles packed tightly together?
Solid
Ethan wears rubber-soled shoes when working with electrical equipment. Why do his shoes help keep him safe?
Because rubber is an insulator that stops electricity from passing through.
What happens when you try to push two north poles of magnets together?
They push away from each other (repel)
What does the word “variable” mean in a science experiment?
Something that can change in an experiment.
When Ava drops her metal water bottle and it hits the floor, what are two things the collision causes?
It makes a loud sound (Sound Energy) and gets a dent (physical change).
Leo touches a metal spoon that’s been sitting in a hot bowl of soup. The spoon feels hot. What kind of energy was transferred, and how?
Heat energy transferred through conduction (from the soup to the spoon)
What are the two main ways that matter changes state — from solid to liquid to gas, and back from gas to liquid to solid — during a physical change?
Heating and Cooling
Draw a closed circuit that includes a battery, a light bulb, and wires. Make sure the light bulb would turn on.
A closed circuit is like a loop or circle that lets electricity flow all the way around without any breaks.
Magnetic force is invisible — but how can we see or observe that a magnetic force is happening?
We can see objects move without being touched or use iron filings to see the pattern and where the force is the strongest.
What words means to change from a gas to a liquid.
Condense or Condensation
A flashlight has a battery, wires, and a bulb inside. When you turn it on, energy changes happen inside. In the correct order, what types of energy transformations do we see? There are 3
Chemical energy (in the battery) to Electrical energy (in the wires), and then to Light energy (from the bulb.
How does the height of an object affect its potential energy?
The higher the object, the more potential energy it has.
Which part of making a cake is a chemical change: mixing the ingredients, melting the butter, or baking the batter?
baking the batter
If I have a series circuit with 5 light bulbs and another series circuit with 2 light bulbs, and both use a 1.5-volt D battery, what will be the difference?
In a series circuit, the battery’s energy is shared by all the bulbs. So, the more bulbs you add, the less energy each one gets.
2 light bulbs= brighter vs 5 light bulbs = dimmer
Zoe places a paperclip on the table and holds a magnet above it. The paperclip jumps up to the magnet without touching it.
What does this show about how magnets work?
Magnets can pull on objects through the air using an invisible magnetic force