Physical Science
Which subatomic particles are found in the nucleus of an atom?
Protons and neutrons
What is the outermost layer of the Earth called?
A) Mantle
B) Core
C) Crust
D) Lithosphere
C) Crust
What causes day and night on Earth?
A) Earth’s revolution
B) Earth's tilt
C) Earth's rotation
D) The Moon's orbit
C) Earth's rotation
Which part of a plant cell is responsible for photosynthesis?
A) Mitochondria
B) Nucleus
C) Chloroplast
D) Cell wall
C) Chloroplast
What instrument measures air pressure?
A) Thermometer
B) Barometer
C) Anemometer
D) Hygrometer
B) Barometer
Which of the following is a chemical change?
A)Melting ice
B) dissolving salt
C) Rusting iron
D) Boiling water
C) Rusting Iron
Which layer is composed mostly of molten rock?
A) Inner core
B) Outer core
C) Crust
D) Upper mantle
B) Outer core
What causes the seasons?
A) Earth’s distance from the Sun
B) The Moon's orbit
C) Earth's tilt and revolution
D) Solar flares
C) Earth's tilt and revolution
Which system in the human body is responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients?
A) Nervous system
B) Respiratory system
C) Circulatory system
D) Digestive system
C) Circulatory system
What is the main source of energy that drives weather on Earth?
A) Earth's rotation
B) Gravity
C) The Sun
D) Ocean currents
C) The Sun
What is the formula for calculating density?
A) Mass ÷ Volume
B) Volume × Mass
C) Mass + Volume
D) Volume ÷ Mass
A) Mass ÷ Volume
What evidence supports Earth’s layered structure?
A) Volcanic eruptions
B) Ocean tides
C) Seismic wave behavior
D) Rock color
C) Seismic wave behavior
Why does the Moon appear to change shape during the month?
A) The Moon’s surface changes
B) Clouds block it
C) Its position relative to Earth and the Sun
D) It rotates rapidly
C) Its position relative to Earth and the Sun
What is the main purpose of mitosis in multicellular organisms?
A) To create genetic variation
B) To allow breathing
C) To produce energy
D) To produce identical cells for growth and repair
D) To produce identical cells for growth and repair
What is the difference between weather and climate?
A) Weather is long-term; climate is short-term
B) Weather is daily; climate is over long periods
C) They are the same
D) Weather occurs in the ocean
B) Weather is daily; climate is over long periods
What is always conserved when two objects collide in a closed system?
A) Energy
B) Speed
C) Mass
D) Momentum
D) Momentum
What causes the magnetic field around Earth?
A) The crust’s motion
B) Tectonic plates
C) Molten iron in the outer core
D) Solar energy
C) Molten iron in the outer core
What is a lunar eclipse?
A) The Moon passes between Earth and the Sun
B) The Sun passes behind Earth
C) Earth blocks sunlight from the Moon
D) The Moon turns orange naturally
C) Earth blocks sunlight from the Moon
Which process best explains how traits are passed from parents to offspring?
A) Digestion
B) Photosynthesis
C) Heredity
D) Evolution
C) Heredity
Which factor most directly affects global wind patterns?
A) The Moon’s gravity
B) Earth’s rotation and uneven heating
C) Volcanoes
D) Ocean tides
B) Earth’s rotation and uneven heating
When a substance changes from a solid to a gas without becoming a liquid first, what is the process called?
A) Evaporation
B) Melting
C) Sublimation
D) Condensation
C) Sublimation
A geologist finds marine (ocean) fossils on the top of a mountain range. What is the most likely explanation for how these fossils got there?
A) The mountain was once underwater and was lifted by tectonic forces
B) The fossils were blown to the mountain by strong winds
C) The fossils formed on land and changed into marine fossils later
D) A tsunami carried the fossils up the mountain
A) The mountain was once underwater and was lifted by tectonic forces
Why do different stars appear to move across the night sky during the year?
A) Stars move in large circular orbits around Earth
B) The Sun’s gravity pulls the stars closer each season
C) Earth revolves around the Sun, changing our view of space
D) The Moon’s phases affect how we see the stars
C) Earth revolves around the Sun, changing our view of space
Why can a change (mutation) in DNA lead to a change in an organism’s traits?
A) It changes the number of chromosomes in the cell
B) It changes the genes that code for proteins
C) It increases the size of the cell
D) It improves digestion in cells
B) It changes the genes that code for proteins
What is the main cause of the Earth's seasons?
A) The Earth’s distance from the Sun
B) The Earth’s tilt on its axis as it revolves around the Sun
C) The Earth's rotation speed
D) The Moon's gravitational pull on Earth
B) The Earth’s tilt on its axis as it revolves around the Sun