Scientific Method
What is a hypothesis?
A testable prediction or educated guess.
Which law is the law of inertia?
Newton’s First Law
True or False: Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
True (First Law).
Heat transfer by direct contact.
Conduction
Energy that comes from moving electrons.
Electric energy
Which step involves making an educated guess about the outcome?
Forming a hypothesis.
What formula represents Newton’s Second Law?
F = m × a
What does the Second Law of Thermodynamics say about heat flow?
Heat flows from warm → cold.
Heat transfer in liquids or gases.
Convection
Energy related to how fast particles move (heat).
Thermal energy.
Why should you change only one variable in an experiment?
So you know what caused the results
A rocket launches because gases push downward and the rocket moves upward. Which law?
Newton’s Third Law.
Why can no machine be 100% efficient?
Some energy is always lost as heat.
Heat transfer through electromagnetic waves.
Radiation
Energy from vibrating objects traveling through matter.
Sound energy.
What step comes after analyzing your data?
Drawing a conclusion.
Give a real-world example of Newton’s First Law.
A ball rolling until friction slows it; seatbelts stopping inertia, etc.
What is absolute zero?
The temperature where particle motion stops.
Warm air rises and cool air sinks. What is this called?
Convection current.
Visible energy that travels in waves and allows us to see.
Light energy.
Name all 7 steps of the scientific method in order.
Question, research, hypothesis, experiment, analyze data, conclusion, communicate.
If you apply the same force to a small mass and a large mass, what happens?
The smaller mass accelerates more (Second Law).
Why is absolute zero impossible to reach?
Third Law — you can get close, but never actually reach it.
The Sun heating your skin is an example of what kind of heat transfer?
Radiation
All electromagnetic waves (light, X-rays, UV, microwaves) are examples of what energy?
Radiant energy.