Scientific Method/Lab Safety
What is a responding / dependent variable?
The factor that may change in response to the manipulated variable.
What is matter?
Anything that has mass and takes up space.
Describe a solid and the particles of a solid.
Solid - has a definite shape and volume. Particles are packed very closely together.
What is vaporization?
The change in state from a liquid to a gas.
What is Charles’s Law?
Charles Law is that when the temperature of a gas at constant pressure is increased, its volume increases. Also when the temperature of a gas at a constant pressure is decreased, its voluEnter Categoryme decreases.
What is a manipulated / independent variable?
The one variable that is purposely changed to test the hypothesis.
What is a physical property and a chemical property?
Physical: A characteristic that can be observed without changing the matter into another type of matter.
Chemical: Characteristic that describes something’s ability to become something else.
Describe a liquid and the particles of a liquid.
Liquid - no shape, definite volume Particles - Particles are closely in contact with one another.
What is evaporation?
Vaporization that takes place only on the surface of a liquid.
What is Boyle’s Law?
Boyle’s Law is when pressure of a gas at a constant temperature is increased, the volume of the gas decreases. When the pressure is decreased, the volume increases.
Why is it important to wear goggles during an experiment?
To no get any harmful substances in your eyes.
What is mass, volume, and weight?
Mass - amount of matter in an object.
Volume - amount of space that matter occupies. Weight - measure of the force and gravity on an object.
Describe a gas and the particles of a gas.
Neither a definite shape or volume.Particles - Have space to move and fill all of the space available, gas is the same as the volume of its container.
What is condensation?
Change in state from a gas to a liquid.
What is work?
Anytime you exert a force on an object that causes the object to change its motion in the same direction as you exerted the force.
(pushing in the direction you want it go)
What is the Scientific Method?
It is the steps someone takes to identify a question, develop a hypothesis, design and carry out steps or procedure to test the hypothesis write down data, and draw conclusions.
What formula do you use to calculate density?
D=M/V
What is surface tension?
An inward force, or pull, among the molecules in a liquid that brings the molecules on the surface closer together.
What is sublimation
Occurs when the surface particles of a solid do not pass through the liquid state, they form a gas. Straight from a solid to gas - dry ice
What is potential and kinetic energy?
Potential energy is energy that results from the position or shape of an object.(no motion) Kinetic energy is the energy that an object possesses by virtue of being in motion.(motion)
Why should you never eat in the science lab?
You do not know what substances have been used or not cleaned properly and you do not want to consume anything harmful.
What is a mixture?
Made up of two or more substances that are together in the same place, but their atoms are not chemically combined.
Describe the melting point, freezing point, and boiling point.
The melting point is the specific temperature where melting occurs at.
Freezing point is the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid.
Boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid boils.
What is temperature?
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object or substance.
List and explain all forms of energy.
Mechanical energy - Energy an object has due to its motion, shape, position, or a combination of these factors.
Nuclear energy - Type of potential energy stored in the nucleus.
Thermal energy - Total kinetic and potential energy of all particles of an object.
Chemical energy - Form of potential energy that is stored in chemical bonds between atoms.
Electrical energy- Energy of electric charges.Electromagnetic radiation - Form of kinetic energy that travels through space in waves.