Lab based questions
What are the three Labs that we have done?
We have done the tennis ball lab, the hand sanitizer lab, and the murder and a meal.
What is the gastrointestinal tract?
digestive tract
What are the five steps of the water cycle
Evaporation, sublimation, transpiration, condensation, and precipitation.
Where is the location where there is light-dependent reactions?
The thylakoid membreanes within the chloroplasts
What are the four macromolecules and which one is not digested?
Nucleic acids, Carbohydrates, Proteins, and Lipids. Nucleic acids are not digested
What kinds of solutions did we use for the murder and a meal lab?
beridine solution, idine solution, sudan III, and benitenct solution.
What is the mechanical and cemical digestions in the stomach?
Mechanical = churning and squeszzing stomach muscles. Chemical = stomach acids breaking down food.
What makes water so unique?
The fact that they have hydrogen bonds and that they a necessary for life
What is water splitting?
Water splitting: Light energy splits water molecules into oxygen, protons, and electrons
What does the Allosteic inhibition do?
It makes it so the substrate cannot enter the enzyme
What were the four trials look like and what did they represtent? (Lab: Simulating a chemical reaction)
Trial I: Baseline (regular one hand) Trial II: Denatured (hand had tape) Trial III: coenzyme (two people with one hand) Trial IV: Competitive inhibitor ( ball with tape)
Explain secretions
The process by which substances are produces and deleted from the cell, gland, or organ. IT gests added to ingested foood by the secretory epithelial cells and the accesory glanduler organs.
What is Cohesion
the tendency of molecules of the same substance to stick together, most commonly observed in water where water molecules form hydrogen bonds with each other, creating a strong attraction that allows water to behave as a cohesive unit
Explain the Regeneration of RuBP
The process of which the remaining G3P molecules are used to regenerate RuBP with the help of additional ATP. Outcome: RuBP is regenerated, allowing the calvin cycle to continue.
the three different monosaccharides and what is the difference between them. Bonus: name all of the disaccharides and there equations.
What is glucose fructose and galactose. the difference is they all have different structures. Bonus: What is sucrose (Glucose + Fructose), Lactose (galactose + glucose), and maltose (Glucose + Glucose).
Explain the independent variable, dependent variable, control, group, experimental group, and constants of the tennis ball Lab.
the Independent variable in this lab is all of the trials. The Dependent variable was the coins flipped for each one. Control group in this experiment was the coins flipped in trial I. The constant of this experiment was the time in each trial.
What is the Rugae and where is it?
The rugae is in the stomach are folds or ridges in the wall of an organ.
What is surface tension?
the property of the water's surface that allows it to resist external forces due to the strong attractive forces between water molecules, primarily hydrogen bonds, which create a "skin-like" layer on the surface, enabling phenomena like insects walking on water
WHat is the Electron transport chain?
it's a pathway where electrons are passed along, releasing energy used to pump protons across a membrane, creating an electrochemical gradient that drives ATP synthesis.
What are the monomers and polymers of all of the Macromolecules?
Lipids (Monomer: fatty acids. Polymer: Triglcerides). Proteins (Monomer: amino acids. Polymer: polypeptide). Carbohydrates (Monomer: single sugar molecules. Polymer: larger sugar molecules). Nucleic acids (Monomer: nucleotides. Polymer: DNA AND RNA).
What was the name of the infection that was on graysons groups petre dish?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
What are the levels of the stomach?
The skin, then the opening to the gastric gland, then epithelium, the the artery and vein, then the muscularis mucosae, then the muscularis externa, then the myenteric plexius, and lastly the serosa
What is the anabolic reaction in a chemical equation?
6 CO2 + 6 H2 O + energy = C6 H12 O6 + 6 O2
Explain the entire calvin cycle.
three main steps: carbon fixation where carbon dioxide is incorporated into a molecule, reduction where the molecule is converted to a sugar using energy from ATP and NADPH, and regeneration where the starting molecule is replenished to continue the cycle
What are the structures of a protein and what do each one of them do?
Primary structure: sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Secondary structure: sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Tertiary structure: Folded polypeptide chains into specific shapes. Quaternary structure: two or more polypeptide chains joined. Bonds = hydrogen bonds.