Kinetic and Potential
What is Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy?
Kinetic Energy - Energy in things that move. A moving energy releases kinetic energy.
Potential Energy - The amount of energy stored within an object, usually is in the object before it goes into motion.
Note: KE and PE don't ever go away, they always become each other. This is the law of conservation of energy.
What is heat? How is it measured?
Heat is what happens when thermal energy is gained or lost. Transfers of energy from one substance to another. Heat is measured with thermometers using mercury.
What do specular and diffused reflection look like?
Specular reflection is straight and bounces off of a smooth surface like a mirror evenly. Diffused looks scattered and bounces off of rougher surfaces like a wall.
What are the properties of waves?
The main properties of waves are wavelength, frequency and amplitude.
How do we see?
When light waves from an object enter the eye, they enter through the cornea. They pass through the iris, and go to the retina, where the retina sees signals that make the images, then turns the upside down image upright.
What is force, work, and mass?
Force - A push or pull to an object, creates movement.
Work - Force applied to an object over a distance.
Mass - Amount of matter in an object.
What is the changing of states and temperature?
The changing of liquid and solids. Depending on heat, an objects molecules will get faster and go farther apart, expanding the object. The less hot an object is the slower it's molecules will move. This is thermal expansion and contraction
What is the difference between concave and convex?
Concave lenses bend out to make things look larger or closer. Convex lenses bend in to make things look smaller or further away.
What are the types of waves?
Transverse and Longitudinal.
NOTE: You must know how to draw both and know each part of both.
How do people with Myopia see?
People with myopia may wear glasses as to correct their nearsightedness. The lens of the glasses are usually concave.
What is velocity?
Velocity - Speed and direction of a moving object.
Define conduction.
Conduction - Heat passes through solids.
What is color? Why do we only see one color instead of all of them?
Color is white light. They all have different frequencies. The color we see is being reflected more of a certain wavelength of light than the other colors.
How do waves travel?
Types of waves like electromagnetic travel through empty vacuums. Transverse waves require a medium to travel through.
How do people see with Hyperopia?
People with farsightedness will usually use glasses with a convex lens.
Give an example of Potential Energy and Kinetic Energy.
Answers may vary.
P.E - A ball about to fall off of a table.
K.E - A ball hitting the floor.
Define Radiation.
Radiation - Transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves - Transfer between 2 objects that don't touch.
Define Refraction.
A change in direction when a wave travels from one material to another of different density, state or elasticity.
What is constructive and destructive interference?
Constructive Interference - Two waves match up crests and troughs, and the amplitude doubles.
Destructive Interference - Two waves meet and the trough meets the crest. The result is a smaller amplitude.
BONUS: What is the relationship between Kinetic and Potential Energy?
The more Potential Energy that is stored the more Kinetic Energy that can be used.
What are the different types of Potential Energy? Give one example of each.
Elastic - Rubber Band
Gravitational - Ski Lift
Electrical - Battery
Chemical - Piece of wood on fire.
Nuclear - An atomic nuclei being split.
Define Convection.
Convection - Heat transfer because of the density of the molecules. (liquids and gases)
Define Transmission and Absorption.
Transmission - Light passing through an object is transmission.
Absorption - When light is absorbed and converted into energy.
What is Myopia and Hyperopia?
Myopia - Nearsightedness.
Hyperopia - Farsightedness
BONUS: What does a flat mirror do to your reflection?
A flat mirror does not do anything to your reflection, it simply stays the same.