ASTRONOMY & SPACE EXPLORATION
What is the name of the galaxy that contains our solar system?
The Milky Way
What blood type is known as the universal donor?
O negative
What type of rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of molten magma or lava?
Igneous rock
At what temperature (in Celsius) does water freeze?
0 degrees Celsius
What is the largest mammal on Earth?
The blue whale
What phenomenon occurs when the Moon passes directly between the Earth and the Sun, blocking the Sun's light?
A solar eclipse
What is the medical term for the voice box?
The larynx
What layer of the Earth's atmosphere contains the ozone layer, which absorbs most of the Sun's harmful ultraviolet radiation?
The stratosphere
What is the standard SI unit of force, named after the physicist who formulated the laws of motion?
The newton
Which group of cold-blooded vertebrates includes frogs, toads, and salamanders?
Amphibians
What is the term for the brightest point in a star's lifecycle when it explodes violently, briefly outshining an entire galaxy?
A supernova
Which vitamin is primarily synthesized in human skin when exposed to ultraviolet B (UVB) sunlight?
Vitamin D
What geological process involves the breakdown of rocks at the Earth's surface by water, air, and biological organisms?
Weathering
Which heavy, radioactive chemical element has the symbol U and atomic number 92?
Uranium
What is the botanical term for the male reproductive organ of a flower, which produces pollen?
The stamen
What is the primary element that makes up the sun and most stars?
Hydrogen
What is the name of the master endocrine gland located at the base of the brain that controls other glands?
The pituitary gland
What phenomenon describes a large ocean wave caused by an underwater earthquake, landslide, or volcanic eruption?
A tsunami
What is the theoretical temperature at which all molecular motion ceases, equivalent to zero Kelvin?
Absolute zero (-273.15 degrees Celsius)
What unique biological trait allows certain animals, such as chameleons and octopuses, to blend into their surroundings?
Camouflage (or chromatophores)
Which moon of Saturn is the only moon in the solar system known to have a dense atmosphere and stable bodies of surface liquid?
Titan
What specialized junctions allow electrical or chemical signals to pass from one nerve cell to another?
Synapses
What ecological term describes the total dry mass of living or organic matter in a given area or population at a specific time?
Biomass
What geological scale is used to measure the mineral hardness of substances based on scratch resistance from 1 to 10?
Mohs scale
What is the term for animals that maintain a constant internal body temperature regardless of external environments, such as mammals and birds?
Endotherms (or warm-blooded animals)