Science Olympiad Kick Off

Chemistry

100

What is an atom and what are its parts (be specific)?

Describe the structure of an atom - ACT!

Bonus 100: what is the smallest part of an atom?

Atom is the basic unit of Matter, made of sub-particles: nucleus in the center made of proton(+) and neutron, orbited by electron(s) (-).

Bonus 100: electrons are the smallest part of an atom

200

What is a Homogeneous and a Heterogeneous Mixture?

Bonus 100: Can mixtures be separated into its components?

Bonus 200: Is a mixture made chemically?

Heterogeneous mixtures have visually distinguishable components, while homogeneous mixtures appear uniform throughout. 

Bonus 100: Yes

Bonus 200: there is no chemical change or reaction in a mixture

300

What is the difference between a physical and a chemical change?

Bonus 200:  which change is REVERSIBLE? Physical or Chemical

physical change does not change the chemical composition of the substances

Bonus 200: physical changes are easily reversible, chemical changes require a chemical reaction to reverse (more difficult)

400

What is the Periodic Table?

Bonus 200: How are the items in this table arranged?

table of the chemical elements arranged in order of atomic number, usually in rows, so that elements with similar atomic structure (and hence similar chemical properties) appear in vertical columns

Bonus 200: arranged in order of atomic number = number of protons 

500

How can you identify different white powders? You are given a magnifying glass, Water, Acid and Iodine

Physical properties - Magnifying glass: crystals, color, texture, dissolution in water, pH

Chemical reactions - Acid and Iodine

Other

100

Explain ACCURACY and PRECISION using as example these 3 sets of data for a sculpture weighing 13,000 g:

1- 13.56kg, 14.8kg, 13.02kg, 17.63kg

1- 10.56kg, 10.18kg, 10.02kg, 10.63kg

1- 13.56kg, 13.28kg,  13.95kg, 13.03kg

Accuracy: mean, median  Precision: SD, range

1- 14.75kg not that accurate and precise

2- 10.34kg most inaccurate, but most precise

3- most accurate and precise

200

Is Air Matter

- balloon, weighing scale, measuring tape, water

Matter has mass (weigh it) and occupies volume

300

What is the main diet of this hawk?

Fish

This bird is an osprey nicknamed "fish hawk". The osprey is the only hawk on the continent that eats almost exclusively fish

400

The geologic time scale is the “calendar” for events in Earth history. Can you put in order the EVOLUTION of Earth and Life?

From the Big Bang to Particle formation, Elements, Stars, Planets, Life on Earth to Humans

500

Demo - What is this FORCE?

What scientist explained this force with the Theory of Relativity?  Physical Phenomena in the absence of this Force

Gravity

Astronomy

100

What is a star made of?  Give 2 examples of stars

Bonus 200: which is the element that makes most of a star and the universe?

A star is a massive sphere of luminous gas and plasma, mainly hydrogen and helium. A star's heat and light derive from nuclear fusion in its core.  Ex. Sun, Polaris, Sirius... 

Bonus 200:  Hydrogen (Helium is the second)

200

What is a Supernova?

the end life of a massive star

powerful and luminous stellar explosion

300

Which are the planets in our solar system?  

Bonus 100: which is the order from the sun?

A planet:1-must orbit a star, 2-large enough so its own gravity molds it into sphere, and 3-must have an orbit free of other small objects. 

_{Bonus100: Mercury, Venus, Earth (and our moon), Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.} 

400

The 4 types of planets: which is missing?

1-terrestrial/rocky planets, 2-gas giants, 3-ice giants, and 4-_____ planets.

Bonus 200: How are our planets classified?

Dwarf planets

Bonus 200: terrestrial planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars), gas giants (Jupiter and Saturn), ice giants (Uranus and Neptune), and dwarf planets (Pluto, Eris, Haumea, and Makemake).

500

How old is the universe?

1. 14 billion years, 2. 13.77 million years, 3. 40 million years

How old is Planet Earth?

1.7,000,000 years, 2. 4.5 billion years, 3. 4.5 million years

Bonus 100: Which is our galaxy?

Universe - 1. 14 billion years (13.8 bya)

Earth - 4.5 billion years

Bonus 100: Milky Way Galaxy

Biology

100

What are the 5 sensory organs and functions?

eyes, ears, tongue, skin, nose

200

1a. Wings are covered by an exoskeleton – go to step 2

1b. Wings are not covered by an exoskeleton – go to step 3

2a. Body has a round shape _________

2b. Body as an elongated shape_________

3a. Wings point outward from body ______

3a. Wings point toward the rear of the body_________

300

A. Magnolia

B. Walnut 

C. Elm

D. Spruce

E. Pine

F. White Oak

G. Chestnut

H. Holly

400

What is a Food Web?

natural interconnection of food chains and a graphical representation of what-eats-what in an ecological community

 

500

What bird is completely silent?

Brown pelican

Earth Science

100

What are the 3 kinds of rock? Try to explain how each of these are formed

igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic

Igneous rocks form when molten rock (magma or lava) cools and solidifies. 

Sedimentary rocks originate when particles settle out of water or air, or by precipitation of minerals from water, accumulated in layers. 

Metamorphic rocks result when existing rocks are changed by heat and pressure.  

200

What is the difference between ROCKS and MINERALS?

Mineral: naturally occurring substance with distinctive chemical and physical properties, composition and atomic structure. 

Rocks: made up of two of more minerals, mixed up through geological processes.

300

Are these sedimentary, igneous, or metamorphic rocks?

Sedimentary

400

Bonus: Igneous, Metamorphic or Sedimentary

marble

bonus:  Metamorphic

500

What system/part of the human body is this model of?

Intergumentary system (skin)