How can you describe gas particles?
Word bank:
Choose one: close together | far apart from each other | closely packed but further apart
Choose one: vibrate | slide past one another | move freely
"Far apart from each other" and "move freely"
What do we call water when it's in a solid state?
What do we call water when it turns into a gas?
Water vapour.
What is a solution and how is it defined?
A solution is a mixture where one or more substances are dissolved in another substance.
Which gases make up the majority of air?
Nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and water vapour.
What happens to solid water when heat is applied to it?
It changes state to liquid. OR It melts.
What is condensation?
Condensation occurs when water vapour or other gases cool enough to change into a liquid.
Define soluble and insoluble solids in relation to solutions.
Soluble solids can dissolve in a liquid, while insoluble solids cannot dissolve in a liquid.
Which substances can cause air pollution? Say 2.
Smoke, dust and gases from factories and exhausts.
At what temperature does pure water freeze?
0ºC
What is the outcome of condensation?
Liquid water.
How can dissolved chemicals contribute to water pollution?
Dissolved chemicals, such as acids, chemical fertilizers, and pesticides, can pollute rivers and lakes.
Name some substances that are gases. Say 2.
air, helium, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, …
What happens to liquid water when heat is applied to it?
It changes state to gas. OR It evaporates.
What makes water evaporate from rivers, lakes and seas?
Why can most mixtures be separated?
Most mixtures can be separated because the particles of the substances are not chemically joined together.
What is the atmosphere?
A layer of gases that surrounds the planet.
How does heating affect the volume of water?
Heating makes water change states and expand, while cooling makes it contract.
Why is the water cycle important to us?
The water cycle is important to us because it keeps moving water between the air and the Earth's surface so that the Earth doesn't dry up. It allows us to use the same water over and over again.
Describe the reversible process used to separate a solution, and provide an example.
The reversible process used to separate a solution is evaporation. For example, when saltwater evaporates, leaving behind solid salt crystals, it is a reversible process because the water can be recovered by condensation.