Forces
What is a force, and how can it affect an object?
A force is a push or a pull that can change an object's motion, speed, direction, or shape during an interaction.
What is the relationship between particle movement and temperature?
As particles gain energy, they move faster and the temperature increases. As particles lose energy, they move slower and the temperature decreases.
What is comparing historical weather observations and measurements to current weather data?
Scientists compare old weather records, journals, and observations with modern data collected by satellites and weather stations to identify long-term climate patterns and changes.
This process allows plants to use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to make food.
What is photosynthesis?
What is the correct order of the planets and the location of the main asteroid belt?
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are the eight planets, and the main asteroid belt is located between Mars and Jupiter.
What are some forces that act on objects during interactions?
Common forces include gravity, friction, magnetism, tension, and applied forces. More than one force can act on an object at the same time.
What happens to matter during phase changes such as melting, freezing, boiling, and condensing?
Heating or cooling can cause matter to change between solid, liquid, and gas, but the mass of the substance stays the same during these phase changes.
What are extreme weather events and the technologies used to monitor and predict them?
Hurricanes, tornadoes, floods, wildfires, satellites, radar systems, and weather forecasting models help scientists track and predict dangerous weather events.
This green pigment in plant leaves absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis.
What is chlorophyll?
What are the major types of celestial bodies in the solar system?
The Sun, planets, moons, dwarf planets, asteroids, comets, and meteoroids are all different types of celestial bodies found in our solar system.
What is the difference between a temporary change and a permanent change?
A temporary change allows an object to return to its original shape, while a permanent change means the object stays changed.
How do thermometers measure temperature, and what are the freezing and boiling points of water?
Double Points!
A liquid thermometer works because the liquid inside expands when heated and contracts when cooled. Water freezes at 0°C and boils at 100°C on the Celsius scale.
Greenhouse gases from burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and natural events such as volcanic eruptions can influence Earth's climate by changing how heat is trapped in the atmosphere.
What are natural processes and human activities that affect climate change?
Many flowering plants rely on these animals to transfer pollen.
What are pollinators?
Which celestial bodies emit light and which ones reflect light?
The Sun produces its own light, while planets and moons are visible because they reflect the Sun’s light.
What is the difference between elasticity and plasticity?
Elasticity is the ability of a material to return to its original shape after being stretched or compressed, while plasticity is the ability to stay in a new shape after a force is applied.
Why does ice float, and why is this important for aquatic ecosystems?
Double Points!
Solid water (ice) is less dense than liquid water, which allows ice to float on lakes and ponds and helps protect aquatic life during winter.
What are some effects of climate change on living things, environments, and communities?
Rising temperatures can affect plants, animals, agriculture, land, and people by causing droughts, floods, habitat loss, changing growing seasons, and melting ice in northern and coastal communities.
Plants store excess glucose as this substance.
What is starch?
Why was Pluto reclassified as a dwarf planet?
In 2006, Pluto was reclassified because it does not clear other objects from its orbit, so it was changed from a planet to a dwarf planet.
What is an action force and reaction force?
When one object pushes or pulls on another object, the second object pushes or pulls back with an equal force in the opposite direction.
Why is expansion and contraction important in the design and construction of structures?
Engineers and builders must consider that materials expand when heated and contract when cooled when designing bridges, roads, railways, and buildings.
How can scientists, Elders, and traditional Knowledge Keepers collaborate to increase awareness of climate and climate change?
Scientists, Elders, and traditional Knowledge Keepers can combine scientific research with generations of local knowledge to better understand weather patterns, climate change, and ways to protect the environment.
Sweetgrass, sage, cedar, and tobacco are collectively known as these.
What are the Four Sacred Medicines?
How do models and other resources help us learn about the solar system?
Physical models, diagrams, computer simulations, telescopes, photographs, and space probes help scientists and students understand the size, position, and characteristics of objects in the solar system.