work & machines
Force exerted on an object that causes it to move
What is work?
The ability to do work or cause change
What is energy?
the unit of measurement for both “work” and “energy”
What is Joules?
The total potential and kinetic energy of the particles in an object
What is thermal energy?
0 C; _32 F; 273 K
What is the temperature that water freezes/melts at?
A unit of work equal to one Newton-meter
What is Joule?
Stored energy that results from the position or shape of an object.
What is potential energy?
when one form of energy is converted to another.
What is an energy conversion?
The transfer of heat from one particle of matter to another
What is conduction?
Moving water down a hill
What is an example of potential energy to kinetic energy?
Lifting a book from a table
work is being done to the book
Energy that an object has due to its motion
What is kinetic energy?
the energy conversion of rubbing hands
What is mechanical energy to thermal energy?
The transfer of heat by the movement of currents within a fluid
What is convection?
The energy of stretched or compressed objects
What is elastic potential energy?
A device that makes doing work easier by increasing the force applied to an object
What is a machine?
Potential energy that depends on the height of an object.
What is gravitational potential energy?
GPE: weight • height
What is the formula to calculate gravitational potential energy?
The transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves
What is radiation?
Flowing from matter with higher temperatures to matter with lower temp.
What is the direction heat flows?
There has to be a force, there has to be motion, and the motion must be in the direction of the force.
What three criteria must exist for work to be done?
The rule that energy cannot be created or destroyed
What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?
ME = KE + PE
What is the formula to calculate mechanical energy?
When all of the materials involved in the energy transfer reaches the same temperature
What is thermal equilibrium?
_______ energy is the total potential and kinetic energy of the particles in an object, while _____ is the flow of thermal energy from matter with higher temperatures to matter with lower temperatures.
What is the difference between thermal energy and heat?