Atom's
What are the three main parts of an atom?
Protons (positive), neutrons (neutral), and electrons (negative)
Why do atoms form chemical bonds?
Atoms bond to achieve a stable, lower-energy state
Where is matter?
Matter is everywhere.
Can water stay liquid below zero degrees Celsius?
yes
What section are the Alkaline metals in?
Group 1
What determines an element's identity?
The number of protons (atomic number)
What is the main difference between an ionic and a covalent bond?
Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons from a metal to a nonmetal, creating oppositely charged ions attracted electrostatically
What are the 3 states of matter?
Solid ,liquid, and gas.
Do humans give off radiation?
Yes, humans do give off radiation.
What section are alkali Earth metals in?
Group 2
Why do atoms form ions?
To achieve a stable, full outer electron shell, often by gaining or losing electrons.
What's the difference between a single, double, and triple bond?
Atoms can share one pair (single), two pairs (double), or three pairs (triple) of electrons. Triple bonds (like in N₂) are stronger and shorter than double bonds
What is a Physical Change?
A physical change alters the form or appearance of matter
How do scientists cool objects to absolute zero?
laser cooling
What is group 3 to 12?
Transition metals
What's the difference between an atom, isotope, and ion?
Same element, different neutrons (isotope); same element, different electrons/charge (ion).
What makes a water molecule (H₂O) polar, and why is that important?
Oxygen attracts shared electrons more strongly than hydrogen, creating a partial negative charge on oxygen and partial positive
What is Evaporation?
Evaporation is the process where a liquid changes into a gas, like water turning into water vapor.
How does a cloud fill up with water?
Through condensation
What is group 18 of the periodic table?
Noble gasses
Is an atom mostly empty space?
Yes, the nucleus is tiny and dense, with electrons orbiting far away.
How are metallic bonds different from ionic and covalent bonds?
In metallic bonds, metal atoms release their valence electrons to form a "sea" of delocalized electrons that move freely among the positive metal ions
What is Matter?
Matter is anything that has mass
Why is hydrogen better than helium in a hot air balloon?
It's lighter than helium, providing more lift.
Which element is the most Metallic in group 2?
Lithium