Vocab 1
The jelly-like substance found inside the cells that contains the organelles.
cytoplasm
A segment of DNA located on the chromosome that, among other things, controls a specific trait.
Gene
List several traits that an offspring might inherit.
• Eye color
• Hair color
• Freckles
• Dimples
A series of events occurring during the life of a cell.
Cell cycle
The step in mitosis in which the chromosomes split at their centromeres and their sister chromatids move to opposite sides of the cell.
Anaphase
A flexible structure that protects and controls what goes in and out of a cell.
cell membrane
A disease caused by cells that goes through uncontrollable cell division.
Cancer
Use terms like DNA, trait, code, pattern, and gene to describe why each organism is unique.
Organisms inherit traits from their parents. Traits are determined by genes, which are made of DNA. DNA is made of tiny pieces that fit together in different patterns. Each pattern is a code that gives the cell instructions for each unique trait. Since there are many patterns for each trait, each organism is unique.
The stage of a cell growth occurring at the beginning of the cell cycle. (90% of the cells life is spent in this stage)
Interphase
The step in mitosis in which the chromosomes line up in a line in the center of the cell.
Metaphase
One of the several tiny structures in a cell.
Organelles
The rigid outer layer that protects and supports plant cells.
Cell wall
Explain how cancer forms.
• cell DNA is damaged
• mutation is caused
• causes abnormal cell function
• damaged cells uncontrollably multiply
The stage of the cell cycle on which the cell's nucleus splits in two. (Many different steps to complete this stage)
Mitosis
The step in mitosis in which the cell begins to pull apart, (looks as if it is being pinched), new cell membranes form.
Telophase
A change in the DNA sequence of a gene or chromosome.
Mutation
The central and most important part of an object, movement, or group, forming the basis for its activity and growth.
Nucleus
How do cells organize into different levels to form an organism?
• cell • organism
• tissue
• organ
• organ system
The FINAL stage of the cell cycle in which the cytoplasm divides.
CYTOkinesis
A structure located in the nucleus that contains the DNA.
Chromosome
A characteristic that can be passed on to an organism's offspring.
Traits
States that cells are the basic unit of all organisms, all living things are made of cells, and that all cells are made from other cells.
(the) Cell theory
Describe two ways in which a plant cell differs from animal cells.
•A plant cell has a cell wall, while an animal cell does not.
• A plant cells have chloroplast, where as animal cells do not.
The step in mitosis in which the chromosones make an exact duplicate of themselves, as well as thicken.
Prophase
The molecule that contains the genetic material of a cell.
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)