Forces and Motion
A push or pull upon an object resulting from the object's interaction with another object.
What is force?
A solenoid wrapped around an iron core.
What is an electromagnet?
The material a wave travels through.
What is a medium?
How does the sun's distance to a planet affect that planet's orbital speed?
the closer a planet to the sun, the faster their orbital speed due to the sun's gravitational pull being stronger.
What are the three plate boundary types and their descriptions?
divergent--plates move away from each other
convergent-plates move towards each other, one subducts
transform-plates scrape by each other, side by side
______________ forces will cause a change in motion
What is unbalanced forces?
What are 3 ways to strengthen an electromagnet?
1-Add more wire coils! (the increased friction causes faster electron movement)
2-Add a bigger energy source! (bigger battery, more amps)
3-Add a bigger metal core!
These waves can move through a vacuum while these waves transfer energy through particles.
What are electromagnetic waves and mechanical waves?
What two things affect gravity and how?
Mass and distance
mass-the larger an object, the larger/stronger its gravitational field on objects
distance-the closer the object, the stronger its gravitational influence on objects
What are four pieces of evidence for the continental drift?
1-fossils found on multiple continents
2-landforms such as mountain ranges on multiple continents
3-puzzle-like shape of continents
4-mid-ocean ridges/seafloor spreading--new rock formations
You sink into your car seat when the car moves from a stopped position--this Newton's Laws...
What is First Law or Law of Inertia?
Why would two balloons which have been rubbed with wool repel each other?
Both balloons became more negative after gaining electrons from the wool. Since they have like charges, they will repel.
gamma ray, x-ray, ultraviolet light, visible light, infrared waves, microwaves, radio waves
What is the electromagnetic spectrum?
The moon and sun's gravitational pull acting on earth causes areas on earth where waters rise towards the moon/sun in a 'bulge' shape.
What is tidal bulge?
What are the 3 compositional and 5 physical layers of earth, from out to in?
compositional: crust, mantle, core
physical: lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core
Joe pushes a box with a force of 50 Newtons in an eastward direction. Ben pushes the same box with a force of 7O Newtons in a westward direction. What is the net force on the box? Be sure to include both the size and direction of the force.
20N Westward
What's the difference between electrical energy and mechanical energy?
Electrical energy is produced by the movement of electrons, and mechanical energy is produced because of physical motion.
Describe transmission of waves for an opaque substance, a translucent substance, and a transparent substance.
Opaque - all of the wave is absorbed (no part of the wave passes through)
Translucent - part of the wave is transmitted through the medium(amplitude is usually affected)
Transparent - all of the wave passes through the medium
As sound waves travel closer to the observer, they become compressed. This produces a higher frequency, shorter wavelength, and results in a higher pitch. When the sound waves travel away from the observer, they are stretched out. This produces a lower frequency, longer wavelength, and results in a lower pitch.
What is the doppler effect?
What are the differences between p and s waves?
p waves: are faster, can move through all states of matter, have a longitudinal (compressional) movement
s waves: slower, can only move through solids, with transverse (shearing) movement
Your shopping cart has a mass of 65 kilograms. In order to accelerate the shopping cart down an aisle at 0.3 m/sec2 , what force would you need to use or apply to the cart? Hint: f=ma
F= 19.5
m= 65
a= 0.3
This item will...
Step Up: traveling long distances after leaving the power plant
Step Down: when entering smaller grids and/or houses where too much power could overpower the wiring
What is a transformer?
Describe the process messages must go through in order to be sent digitally.
1. A source creates the message.
2. The message is encoded into digital code.
3. The encoded message is sent out using a transmitter.
4. The message is received and decoded back into
meaningful words.
What are neap and spring tides?
Spring--Sun and moon's gravity have lined up, which means more gravitational pull than usual on earth, which cause higher high tides and lower low tides.
Neap--Sun and moon act in opposition of each other which means less gravitational pull than usual on earth, which cause lower high tides and higher low tides.
How have scientists used p and s waves to learn about earth?
Both P and S wave speeds will increase when entering a denser medium/layer. S waves can only travel through solids, so when the s-waves stop, that layer is a liquid. The P wave also decreases in speed at the liquid inner core because it is less dense