Properties of Matter
Susan blew up a balloon until it was completely full and as big as a soccer ball. Which of the following correctly describes the air inside the balloon?
A. The air is a gas that cannot be compacted by any means.
B. The air is a gas that always forms a round shape when compressed.
C. The air is a gas that expands to evenly fill the space inside the balloon.
D. The air is a gas whose molecules multiply to fill in the entire space of the container holding it.
C. The air is a gas that expands to evenly fill the space inside the balloon.
Jacob is doing a report on the galaxy in which Earth is found. Which of the following is the galaxy that Jacob should research for his report?
Andromeda
Milky Way
Maffei 1
Ursa Minor
Milky Way
Which type of rock forms when melted rock cools and hardens?
A. sedimentary
B. metamorphic
C. igneous
D. mineral
C. igneous
To predict the weather, meteorologists make careful observations and monitor weather conditions in an area. Which is a weather condition monitored by meteorologists?
A. air odor
B. soil moisture
C. cloud type
D. plant type
C. cloud type
Maria drew a diagram of the water cycle.
What should she label the process of water moving from the ocean to the atmosphere?
A. condensation
B. evaporation
C. infiltration
D. precipitation
B. evaporation
Which of the following is a true statement about matter:
A. Gas has no definite shape or volume.
B. Solids have a shape and but they do not have a definite volume.
C. Liquids have no definite shape or volume.
D. Liquids have a definite shape and volume
A. Gas has no definite shape or volume.
On a field trip to a science museum, Lee saw photographs of asteroids and comets that astronomers took using telescopes. What could Lee look for in the photographs to tell a comet from an asteroid?
a long tail
a small size
a rocky surface
an irregular shape
a long tail
A student finds a rock made of many small pieces pressed together over time. Which type of rock is this MOST likely?
A. igneous
B. sedimentary
C. metamorphic
D. magma
B. sedimentary
In a class experiment, Jody observed snow under a microscope and drew what she saw.
How is the snow in Jody’s diagram different from the rain you see outside?
A. Jody's snow is not water.
B. Jody's snow is water in liquid form.
C. Jody's snow is in the form of ice crystals.
D. Jody's snow is made up of solid balls of ice.
C. Jody's snow is in the form of ice crystals.
Greg modeled the water cycle for a science project. He heated water until it changed to water vapor. Water droplets later formed on a sheet of glass.
Which process caused the water vapor to form liquid water droplets?
A. condensation
B. evaporation
C. freezing
D. precipitation
A. condensation
A student pours 250 mL of juice into a glass. Which property is being measured?
A. mass
B. volume
C. density
D. magnetism
B. volume
All visible stars in the night sky are many times larger than Earth. Why do they look like tiny points of light?
They are moving very fast.
The atmosphere blocks most of their light.
The stars visible at night are located very far from Earth.
Most of the light from stars is absorbed by galaxies, so it does not reach Earth.
The stars visible at night are located very far from Earth.
Which statement BEST describes the rock cycle?
A. Rocks stay the same forever.
B. Rocks can change from one type to another over time.
C. Only igneous rocks can change.
D. Rocks are only formed on Earth’s surface.
B. Rocks can change from one type to another over time.
David lives in Tampa, Florida. He placed an instrument outside his house and recorded the air temperature and air pressure every hour on the first day of winter.
Which of the following BEST describes what David recorded?
A. how much rain fell on the first day of winter
B. the weather conditions in Florida during winter
C. the type of winds Florida has on the first day of winter
D. the weather conditions at his house on the first day of winter
D. the weather conditions at his house on the first day of winter
Water exists in various states as it passes through the water cycle. Which form of water is MOST plentiful at any time in the water cycle?
A. frozen ice
B. water vapor
C. liquid salt water
D. liquid fresh water
C. liquid salt water
A material is shiny, bends easily, and conducts electricity. Which material is MOST likely being described?
A. rubber
B. glass
C. metal
D. wood
C. metal
Earth and Saturn are both planets orbiting the sun. Which of these other features do the two planets have in common?
They have a thin atmosphere.
They rotate about an axis.
Their orbits are the same length.
They have about the same mass.
They rotate about an axis.
Fossils are MOST likely found in which type of rock?
A. igneous
B. metamorphic
C. sedimentary
D. magma
C. sedimentary
Which tool would MOST likely be used to measure air temperature outside?
A. rain gauge
B. thermometer
C. barometer
D. wind vane
B. thermometer
Every day, water flows from rivers into the Atlantic Ocean. Even though this happens daily, the amount of water in the Atlantic Ocean does not increase over time.
Which statement BEST explains why?
A. Ocean water is stored in the ice caps.
B. Ocean water also evaporates each day.
C. Ocean water is destroyed and lost daily.
D. Ocean water is removed by precipitation.
B. Ocean water also evaporates each day.
A student places a solid substance in a container and heats it until it becomes a liquid. Which statement BEST describes what happened?
A. The substance changed into a new material.
B. The substance changed physical state but remained the same matter.
C. The substance lost all of its mass.
D. The substance disappeared completely.
B. The substance changed physical state but remained the same matter.
Why can scientists say the Sun is only one of many stars in the Milky Way galaxy?
A. The Sun is the brightest object in the sky.
B. Telescopes show billions of stars located in the same galaxy as the Sun.
C. The Sun is larger than all other stars.
D. The Sun changes into different stars each year.
B. Telescopes show billions of stars located in the same galaxy as the Sun.
Which sequence BEST describes how a sedimentary rock could become a metamorphic rock?
A. cooling → weathering → erosion
B. compaction → melting → freezing
C. heat and pressure applied to sedimentary rock
D. evaporation of water only
C. heat and pressure applied to sedimentary rock
A meteorologist notices air pressure is dropping quickly over several hours. What weather is MOST likely expected next?
A. clear skies for several days
B. stormy weather approaching
C. lower humidity only
D. less wind for the day
B. stormy weather approaching
Lake Okeechobee is in Florida.
How would water MOST likely move from the Gulf of Mexico to Lake Okeechobee?
A. by ocean water flowing up a river that joins with the lake
B. by ocean flooding and water flowing overland into the lake
C. by ocean water evaporating and entering the lake when it rains
D. by water seeping through the ocean floor and welling up into the lake
C. by ocean water evaporating and entering the lake when it rains