Circulatory System
What is the main organ that pumps blood throughout your body?
The heart
What is the main organ of the respiratory system?
Lungs
Name the three main types of rocks
Igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary
What is the name of the dark, organic material in soil that is formed from decaying plants and animals?
Humus
What is the most effective way to remove germs from your hands after using the toilet or before eating?
Washing them with soap and warm water
What are the three types of blood vessels in your body?
Artery, vein, capillary
What is the scientific name for the windpipe that carries air from your mouth and nose to your lungs?
Trachea
What type of rock is formed when hot, liquid magma or lava cools and turns solid?
Igneous rocks
Which type of soil feels gritty, has large particles, and lets water drain through it very quickly?
Sandy soil
What is the general name for tiny living organisms, like bacteria and viruses, that can only be seen with a microscope and can cause illnesses?
Microbes (or Microorganisms / Germs)
What is the function of arteries?
What is the function of veins?
Artery: Carry oxygenated blood to different parts of the body.
Veins: Carry deoxygenated blood to different parts of the body.
What happens to your breathing rate when you exercise, and why?
It increases to get more oxygen to the muscles (and remove carbon dioxide faster).
What do we call the preserved remains or traces of ancient plants and animals often found inside rocks? (usually in sedimentary rocks)
Fossils
Which type of soil has very fine particles, holds a lot of water, and feels very sticky when it is wet?
Clay soil
What is the sticky, white substance on teeth formed by bacteria mixing with food and saliva, which can lead to tooth decay?
Plaque
What type of blood goes into the heart from the body?
Deoxygenated blood
What is the large, dome-shaped muscle located under the lungs that helps you breathe in and out?
The diaphragm
What type of rock is formed when layers of sand, mud, and pebbles are squashed together over millions of years?
Sedimentary rocks
What do we call a mixture of sand, silt, and clay that is considered the best type of soil for growing most plants?
Loam
How do vaccinations (shots) help keep our bodies healthy from diseases?
They teach the immune system how to recognize and fight off specific microbes before we actually get sick from them.
What are these components and what do they do?
Plasma, platelet
Plasma- the liquid part of the blood
Platelet- create blood clots and help wounds heal
What happens during exhalation? (diaphragm)
Diaphragm Relaxes: The diaphragm moves upward, returning to its resting, dome-like shape.
The ribs drop downward and inward.
Marble is an example of a metamorphic rock. What sedimentary rock does marble originally form from before extreme heat and pressure change it?
Limestone
Aside from organic matter (humus) and living organisms, name three non-living components that make up soil.
rock particles/ minerals, water, air
Name three physical or chemical barriers the human body uses naturally to stop harmful microbes from getting inside.
Skin, tears, saliva, stomach acid, mucus (in nose/windpipe), or scabs (any 3)