lesson 1: What is a mineral?
what is the definition of a mineral?
minerals are natural, nonliving substances that make up rocks
What is the difference between Magma and Lava?
Magma is melted rock below Earth's crust layer and Lava is when magma reaches the Earth's Surface.
What is the definition of sedimentary rocks?
sedimentary rocks are rocks that form from sediments that become pressed together in layers.
What is the definition of metamorphic rocks?
They are rocks formed from other rocks by extreme heat and pressure deep inside Earth.
what are fossils?
the remains of animals or plants from long ago
Each mineral has a certain type of ______________
Crystal shape
what is intrusive igneous rock, and what is extrusive igneous rock?
Intrusive igneous rock means that a rock forms below the Earth's surface and Extrusive Igneous rock means a rock that forms above Earth's surface.
what are sediments AND what can they be carried by?
sediments are tiny particles AND they can be carried by water, wind, and ice.
List 2 types of metamorphic rocks
types of metamorphic rocks
-Slate
-Gneiss
-Quartzite
-Marble
Give me at least two examples of igneous rocks?
types of igneous rocks
- obsidian
- granite
- pumice
what is luster?
luster describes the way light reflects off the surface of a mineral.
what is the definition of an Igneous rock?
they are rocks that form from melted rock
give me at least 2 types of sedimentary rocks
types of sedimentary rocks
- conglomerate
- sandstone
- limestone
What type of texture does Quartzite have?
Medium texture
What is the definition of Ores?
Ores are rocks that are mined because they contain useful minerals.
cleavage is the way a mineral splits
which igneous rock is strong and used to build schools, office buildings, roads, and homes because its a strong building material?
Granite
Conglomerate is made/formed from what?
Conglomerate is formed from larger rocks and rounded pebbles, stones, even boulders.
what is the rock cycle?
the cycle by which rocks change from one form to another
If a sandstone formed in water it may have what?
it may have layers that look like ripples
what is Moh's Hardness Scale?
it shows the hardness of a few common minerals
Obsidian is what type of rock? AND what type of texture does it have?
Obsidian is an igneous rock, and has a glassy texture
What is Bituminous coal?
Bituminous coal is soft coal that formed over millions of years when dead plants were buried in ancient swamps and forests.
What is the exact name of the metamorphic rock that is coal? AND what is so special about it?
Anthracite Coal
special: it is found deeper in Earth's layers, not like bituminous coal. And it has a much harder form, as well as it burns cleaner & longer than soft coal.
Metamorphic has certain what that other rocks don't have ?
Certain Mineral Crystals