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Chapter 1
Chapter 1
Chapter 1
Chapter 1
Chapter 1
100
What can you conclude if you perform one test and the results support the hypothesis with which you started? A. The hypothesis is correct. B. The data were recorded incorrectly. C. More experiments are needed to confirm the result. D. The hypothesis has become a theory.
What is.... A. The hypothesis is correct.
100
Lisa made a hypothesis that gravity causes all things to fall to the ground. Her sister pointed out that helium balloons move away from the ground. Lisa should... F. throw out her hypothesis and do a different research project. G. try to find out why helium balloons are different from most objects. H. ignore her sister and keep testing her own hypothesis. J. assume that gravity does not affect helium balloons.
What is.... G. try to find out why helium balloons are different from most objects.
100
How could you test the hypothesis that marigolds need more water than cacti? A. Plant marigolds in the desert and observe whether the seeds form plants. B. Give the same amount of water to each type of plant and observe their growth. C. Stop watering a cactus plant and observe whether it dies. D. Observe the differences between plants grown in a warm place and in a cool place.
What is... B. Give the same amount of water to each type of plant and observe their growth.
100
What should you do if you are not sure how to use a piece of laboratory equipment? A. Stop working on the experiment. B. Ask another student to show you how to use the equipment. C. Check the lab instructions for the correct techniques. D. Make your best guess about how it works.
What is.... C. Check the lab instructions for the correct techniques.
100
Which of the following instructions would not be useful in an instruction sheet for a lab experiment? A. Turn the first dial slowly to the right until the meter reads 3.0. B. Do not begin until your teacher checks the apparatus. C. Add water until the liquid reaches the 50 mL mark. D. Put some oil in the beaker but be careful not to add too much.
What is.... D. Put some oil in the beaker but be careful not to add too much.
200
As part of a field investigation on the thermal pollution of waterways, a scientist needs to measure the temperature of a nearby river. Which of the following pieces of equipment would be the best choice for making the measurement? F. barometer G. thermometer H. manometer J. speedometer
What is.... G. thermometer
200
Which of these statements is the best description of when you should wear eye protection in the laboratory? A. when your teacher says protection is necessary B. when there is even a very small chance of harm to your eyes C. when you are using an instrument that has moving parts D. when your lab partner reminds you to put on your goggles
What is.... B. when there is even a very small chance of harm to your eyes
200
How might a disease that killed the grasses in an area affect animals such as coyotes and mountain lions, which do not eat grass? F. decrease the number of animals on which they feed G. increase the number of other predators that compete with them. H. no effect because coyotes and mountain lions don't eat grass J. increase the food supply because small animals can no longer hide
What is.... F. decrease the number of animals on which they feed
200
Which of the following is not a reason for scientists to wait to revise a theory based on inconsistent results? Scientists must A. meet to discuss the change B. carefully consider the new data to be certain they are not flawed. C. see a significant difference in order to change theories based on many experiments. D. confirm and support the new data by other evidence.
What is.... A. meet to discuss the change
200
During a study at the South Pole, researchers record a sudden increase in the intensity of solar radiation reaching the Pole. No increase was observed at the equator. Which of the following is a reasonable reaction to the results? F. Conclude that something has changed within the sun. G. Conclude that the measurements at the equator are in error. H. Collect additional data with a different instrument for comparison. J. Revise theories of how sunlight reaches Earth.
What is... H. Collect additional data with a different instrument for comparison.
300
Rhonda observed that plants growing on the windowsill grew faster than similar plants growing in a cool, shady corner of the room. How should she communicate her observation in her lab report? A. Plants grew faster when they were on a windowsill B. Some plants grew faster than other plants C. The plants in a warm, sunny location grew faster than plants in a cool, shady location D. The growth rate of plants seems to depend on light and temperature
What is... D. The growth rate of plants seems to depend on light and temperature
300
How does scientific writing differ from literary writing? A. The two types of writing have different purposes. B. Scientific reports are always written in English. C. Science writing is shorter than literary writing. D. Science writing is about facts, and literary writing is fiction.
What is... A. The two types of writing have different purposes.
300
The main purpose of scientific writing is to A. entertain the reader B. convince other people that a hypothesis is true. C. report information or data. D. get credit for a new discovery.
What is... C. report information or data.
300
Which of these scientific principles had to be studied before weather forecasting technologies could be developed? A. how changes in the atmosphere affect precipitation B. the distance between Earth and the sun C. how raindrops create rainbows D. pollution of the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels
What is... A. how changes in the atmosphere affect precipitation
300
Which technology was developed by scientists and engineers who studied the properties of charged particles? F. new types of ceramic glazes G. internal combustion engine H. transmission of electrical energy J. better alloys for airplane engines
What is... H. transmission of electrical energy
400
A report of which of the following observations would be inconsistent with current theories about Earth? A. Satellite data that shows continents moving. B. Measurements show Earth's core is made of molten rock. C. Earth's revolution around the Sun takes slightly more than 356 days. D. Observations show air pressure is lowest at sea level.
What is... D. Observations show air pressure is lowest at sea level.
400
In what way could a pesticide that kills an invasive species, but not a natural species in an environment be considered a new technology? A. It is more effective than other pesticides. B. It is a practical application of science. C. It is done first in a laboratory. D. It is profitable for the pesticide company.
What is... A. It is more effective than other pesticides.
400
As part of an engineering design process, engineers want to make a less expensive disposable towel. Which of these materials would they most likely want to test? A. silk B. iron C. paper D. fiberglass
What is.... C. paper
400
Which of the following would be most important in designing a new drug to treat headaches? A. low cost of each pill B. making sure the drug does not have harmful side effects C. size of the pill D. making sure the drug does not taste bad
What is.... B. making sure the drug does not have harmful side effects
400
An engineer wants to design a sensor that can be released in the ocean to monitor ocean currents and send signals to satellites. Which of these would not be an important design problem? F. The sensor corrodes when it is exposed to salt water. G. The plastic housing for the sensor is only available in a few colors. H. The battery runs out of charge after two days. J. The unit has small leaks that cause it to fill with water and sink.
What is... G. The plastic housing for the sensor is only available in a few colors.
500
Which of these is an unintended consequence of technology? A. communicating with people in other countries by instant messages B. using your computer to find information about an illness from a library far from your home C. people finding your personal information by using their computers D. being able to purchase a CD online that is not available in a local store
What is... C. people finding your personal information by using their computers
500
What could be an unintended consequence of building wind turbines on top of a mountain? A. increase in the amount of electricity available in a nearby town B. reduction in the cost of producing power C. soil erosion when a road is built to get the turbines up the mounntain D. decrease in emission of greenhouse gases
What is... C. soil erosion when a road is built to get the turbines up the mountain.
500
Which of the following is an intended benefit of a new technology? F. A new type of weather radar improves the ability to predict tornadoes. G. A pesticide kills all of the honeybees in an orchard. H. Traffic backs up on all the roads near a newly built bridge. J. People using cell phones while driving cause an increase in highway fatalities
What is... F. A new type of weather radar improves the ability to predict tornadoes.
500
Which of these effects is an unintended consequence of technology? A. a new locomotive design reduces travel time by one hour. B. Changing some operations increases production in a manufacturing plant. C. Replacing the materials in a truck body reduces rust damage. D. A software upgrade causes a computer to stop working.
What is... D. A software upgrade causes a computer to stop working.
500
Which of these is the best example of a product developed by bioengineers? A. the Internet B. cars that use less fuel C. bacteria that produce silk D. a new metal alloy
What is... C. bacteria that produce silk