Science Section 2/3 Jeopardy

Biodiversity/Genetics

100

What is carrying capacity?

the maximum amount of individuals an environment can sustain/support with limited resources

200

What is fitness in regards to Evolution?

• Fitness - the measure of the relative viability (to survive) and fertility (reproductive success) of an organism (ex: a brown beetle living in the desert will have higher fitness than a green beetle (green makes them stand out, more likely to be eaten by predators))

300

What is the difference between a phenotype, a genotype, and an allele?

• Traits of a gene (size, shape, etc.) - phenotype (all characteristics)

• All of an organism's genes together comprise its genotype (unique genetic composition and the code for its phenotype)

• Allele - possible genotypes 

400

Instrumental vs. Intrinsic Value?

• Instrumental value is the value of something as a means to an end, while intrinsic value is the value of something in and of itself.

• Instrumental Value - Value can be characterized in two ways: goods, services, or information that provide benefits to people are said to have instrumental value

• Intrinsic value - objects (alive or dead) have intrinsic value, have worth in and of themselves, and by nature priceless

500

What is the importance of Gregor Mendel and Charles Darwin?

• Charles Darwin - ship journey (Voyage of the Beagle), why do some species live and some don’t, created Natural Selection 

• Gregor Mendel - the first person to do early experiments of genetics, breed peas

Pt. 2

100

Food web?

• Food web - transfer of energy between an ecosystem

200

Key stone species?

• Keystone species - species that is very important in the ecosystem, without them, the ecosystem would crash or struggle heavily

300

Bottleneck effect?

• Bottleneck effect - explains evolution (shapes)

• "a drastic reduction in a population size due to a catastrophic event like a natural disaster, causing a significant decrease in genetic diversity within that population as only a small, random sample of individuals survive to reproduce, passing on a limited gene pool to future generations"

400

Describe the difference between Predation, Commensalism, and Mutualism.

• Predation (carnivores, herbivores, parasitism, one benefits and the other is harmed)

• Commensalism (one benefits and the other doesn’t benefit BUT the other doesn’t care)

• Mutualism (both species benefit)

500

Interspecific vs. Intraspecific competition?

Interspecific - competition between different species

Intraspecific - competition between the same species