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Intro to Ecology
Abiotic Environment
Biomes
Organism & Environment
Population Dynamics
100
the term for fluffy and all her bunny friends
population
100
Describe the differences between maritime and continental temperatures
maritime: high humidity, low fluctuations in temperature continental- opposite
100
which are farther from the equator, boreal zones or tundras?
Tundras are 65 degrees away, boreal forests about 50 degrees.
100
what is the difference between phenotype and genotype?
phenotype is the expressed trait, genotype is the allele in the genes.
100
define abundance
the number of individuals in a given area
200
step in the scientific method following hypothesis?
experimentation/testing the hypothesis
200
Describe the orographic effect.
Rainshadow; moving mass of air picks up moisture over a large body of water, releases it over one side of a mountain, leaving the other side arid
200
define riffles.
fast moving portions of streams
200
What is an environmental condition that constrains physiological processes, lowers an organisms rates of growth, survival, or reproduction?
stress (lol)
200
what does logistic growth approach?
a carrying capacity
300
From what Greek words did Ernst Haeckel coin the term "ecology" in 1866?
oikos- home logos- study/science
300
put these in order from largest to smallest particles. Gravel, silt, clay, sand.
Gravel, sand, silt, clay.
300
What is the difference between an estuary, mangrove, and marsh?
estuary: river meets ocean mangrove: coastal ecosystem with salt tolerant plants marsh: upland sediment carried downriver and accumulates near shorelines
300
what factors within a population's range define population density?
resource availability, physical or biological constraints to establishment or reproduction
300
describe the difference between intra and interspecific interactions
intra-within a species inter-between species
400
In what year did Darwin publish Origin of Species? What theory of his relates closely to ecology?
1859, natural selection
400
Describe the how soil facilitates the process of respiration.
Pores in the soil ventilate the soil, and roots take up oxygen and release carbon dioxide.
400
What is the rainfall pattern around the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn?
seasonal, with wet and dry seasons, often leading to seasonal fires and floods, and lower tree densities and sizes (savannas and seasonal forests)
400
What is the name for the niche that a species is optimized for based on its methods of photosynthesis, growth, survival, reproduction, etc?
ecological niche
400
what is the name for a group of populations as divided by a patchy habitat with occasional migration or interaction?
metapopulation
500
what field studies human impacts on physical, biological, and chemical processes?
environmental studies
500
Order and briefly describe the order of soil layers. Specify how much organic material is found in each.
O horizon: organic, solely organic decaying material A horizon: topsoil, combo of rich organic material and weathered parent material, mostly the latter B horizon: subsoil, limited organic matter, quite dense, mineral particles from topsoil C horizon: unconsolidated materials, very low biological matter, retains many characteristics of bedrock Bedrock (R layer)
500
Describe the organisms present in the benthic zone. What does the food chain look like?
food base: dead phytoplankton, marine mammals, birds, fish, etc. Common polychaete worms, crustaceans, sea stars and cucumbers. Benthic predators use bioluminescence.
500
Define realized niche
niche as limited by biotic interactions, such as competition, even under ideal abiotic interactions
500
What is the only mammal natively found in Hawaii?
hoary bat