Scientific
Investigation
Investigation
A group of students tested the effects of different amounts of water on ivy plant growth. Afterwards, they could not remember how much each plant grew per day. What should they have done to practice good science?
a. Discuss their observations with other groups in their class.
b. Conduct the experiment with more than one type of plant.
c. Record daily information in a data table.
d. Make up explanations for the results.
c. Record daily information in a data table.
An object is traveling north at a speed of 12 kilometers per hour. Which characteristic of the object is being described?
a. Matter
b. Motion
c. Volume
d. Temperature
b. Motion
Electrical energy can be transformed to _______ and ________.
thermal and light
A scientist found a fossil of an organism that had gills. When the organism was living, the area in which it lived was most likely covered by —
water
What layer of the Earth is the thinnest?
Crust
Sandy grows roses along her walkway. The roses close to the street had more blooms than the roses close to the house. Which statement is a hypothesis Sandy could make about her roses?
a. There were many blooms on the roses near the house and fewer blooms on the roses closest to the street.
b. The roses closest to the street had more blooms because they received more sunlight.
c. The roses near the house were taller but had fewer blooms.
d. The roses close to the house had fewer blooms and leaves.
b. The roses closest to the street had more blooms because they received more sunlight.
A student throws a ball. Which of these best describes the moving ball?
a. The ball has light energy.
b. The ball has kinetic energy.
c. The ball is transferring sound energy to the air.
d.The ball is transferring light energy to the air.
b. The ball has kinetic energy.
When a car's tires spin on the road, friction occurs and heat is generated. In this example, some of the mechanical energy is transformed into ______ energy.
thermal
The ocean floor —
a. is always a flat bed of sand
b. has mountains, plains, and ridges like land surfaces
c. is covered by the same amount of water everywhere
d. covers less area than the land
b. has mountains, plains, and ridges like land surfaces
Earth is composed of four layers. Many scientists believe that as Earth cooled, the denser materials sank to the center and the less dense materials rose to the top. The least dense layer is the —
Crust
Max is doing an experiment on tomato plants. His hypothesis is, “A tomato plant will not grow in a shady area.” On which of these relationships did Max base his hypothesis?
a. Warm temperature causes plant growth.
b. Sunlight causes plant growth.
c. Tall plants cause shade.
d. New plants need fresh water.
b. Sunlight causes plant growth.
When a coin is dropped,
it falls to the ground. As the coin falls, it loses potential energy and gains what kind of energy?
a. Kinetic
b. Chemical
c. Electrical
d. Solar
a. Kinetic
Sound waves travel best through —
a. gases
b. liquids
c. solids
d. vacuums
c. solids
Which best describes the part of the ocean called the continental shelf?
a. A flat underwater valley
b. A region of mountains in the deep ocean
c. A shallow area of sediment near the shore
d. A region with a higher water pressure
c. A shallow area of sediment near the shore
Which of these best describes the relationship between Earth’s layers?
a. The hottest layers are closest to the core.
b. The more liquid layers are closest to the crust.
c. The lightest layers are closest to the core.
d. The more metallic layers are closest to the crust.
A. The hottest layers are closest to the core.
Two students wanted to find out which of their toy race cars would go the farthest. They let each car roll down a ramp and then measured how far the cars rolled. Which of these should be held constant if they want a fair test of their cars?
The height of the ramp.
On a bike, useful friction is created by the —
a. gears
b. curved handlebars
c. spokes
d. brakes
d. brakes
During a thunderstorm, you see the lightning before you hear thunder. This is because —
light has a greater mass than sound
sound has longer wavelengths than light
light travels faster than sound
sound and light travel at the same speed
light travels faster than sound
Which of these are the deepest parts of the ocean?
a. Continental shelves
b. Continental slopes
c. Ocean trenches
d. Abyssal plains
c. Ocean trenches
What layer of Earth is located just below the crust?
Mantle
A student designed an investigation to test the effect of light color on plant growth. What was the manipulated (independent) variable in the investigation?
a. Color of light bulb
b. Height of plant
c. Hours of light
d. Size of pot
a. Color of light bulb
All of the following are examples of energy transfer except —
A. Band members practiced hitting the drums with more and less force. When the band struck the drum with more force, the class next door could hear the beat and the windows shook.
B. The baby slept during nap time without making a sound or moving at all.
C. Campers who sat by the camp fire were much warmer on a cool summer night.
D. The sun's energy powers solar cells which is used to create electricity.
B. The baby slept during nap time without making a sound or moving at all.
A high soprano singer can break a crystal glass if the glass resonates with her voice. In order to do this, the sound the singer makes has to be —
speeded up before reaching the glass
amplified before reaching the glass
reflected off the glass
able to vibrate the glass
able to vibrate the glass
Which of these increases as a submarine dives deeper into the ocean?
a. The number of plants in the water
b. The freshness of the water
c. The water temperature
d. The water pressure
d. The water pressure
Scientists estimate the temperature of Earth’s core is as high as 6000°C. Which best explains how heat from the core reaches the surface?
A. Energy from atoms vibrates near the core passes through the mantle until it reaches the crust.
B. Heat from the core radiates through the mantle the same way sunlight passes through space.
C. Hot materials in the mantle circulate the same way warm air rises and cool air sinks in a heated room.
D. Energy is released as molecules in the mantle forms new compounds that flow toward the crust.
C. Hot materials in the mantle circulate the same way warm air rises and cool air sinks in a heated room.