Microscopes
On a microscope, what 2 parts are used for support (when carrying it, or in general)?
🔬
The base and arm.
How many characteristics of living things are there?
7
What is cytology?
The study of cells
What are organic compounds?
Organic compounds always contain carbon and hydrogen and usually are associated with living things.
What does semi permeable mean?
What 3 things does this depend on?
It means that only certain things can pass through.
1. size
2. path taken
3. whether or not energy is required to transport it.
What type of glass does a microscope have?
Curved glass.
Which is not a characteristic of living things?
A) living things can grow and develop
B) living things are made up of cells
C) living things can't respond to stimuli
D) living things can adapt or change to survive in their environment
C, living things can't respond to stimuli
What cell protects a plant?
The cell wall
*Fill in the blank
Living things are composed of more than ___ water and depend on water to survive.
50%
What is osmosis?
Osmosis is the movement of water with the concentration gradient.
What is the object called that holds the objective lenses?
The revolving nose piece.
Why is energy important to a living organism?
Energy provides an organism with the ability to carry out life functions.
What are the 3 principles of the cell theory?
1. all living organisms are composed of 1 or more cells
2. the cell is the most basic unit of life
3. all cells are produced from other cells
What are the 4 organic compounds that make up all living things?
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids.
What is the difference between passive and active transport?
Passive transport is the movement of things in/out of the cell with the concentration gradient and without the use of energy.
Active transport is the movement of things in/out of the cell, against the concentration gradient and with the use of energy.
What does the diaphragm control?
The amount of light going up to the stage.
What is the difference between growth and development?
Growth is the addition of cells.
Development is changes that occur over a life span.
How are the mitochondria and the nucleus different?
The mitochondria is the powerhouse (gives power) of the cell and converts food into energy. But, the nucleus controls the cell and carries DNA.
What 2 elements are in all living things?
Carbon and hydrogen.
What is ATP and what part of the cell releases it?
ATP is the energy used during active transport. The mitochondria.
What are the names and the TOTAL magnification of the 3 objective lenses?
Lowest Power: scanning objective eyepiece (40x)
Middle Power: low power objective eyepiece (100x)
High Power: high power objective eyepiece (400x)
What characteristics make something alive?
1. containing 1 or more cells
2. reproduction
3. growth and development
4. obtain and use of energy
5. responding to the environment/maintaining homeostasis
*Need to get everyone correct to get the points
1. Who was Anton Leeuwenhoek?
2. Who was Robert Hooke?
3. Who was Matthias Schleiden?
1. Anton Leeuwenhoek developed a microscope strong enough to see bacteria.
2. Robert Hooke Looked a cork in a microscope and saw what looked like little rooms that monks pray in. He named it a cell.
3. Matthias Schleiden Studied plants and determined that all plants were made up of cells.
Why is water important?
All chemical reactions in living things take place in water solutions, and most organisms use water to transport materials through their bodies.
What are hyper, hypo and isotonic solutions?
Hypo: There is a high level of solution on the inside of the cell. The direction of osmosis is moving into the cell. The cell looks like it might burst.
Iso: There is an equal amount of solution on both sides of the cell.The cell looks normal
Hyper: There is a high level of solution outside of the cell. There is too much solution leaving the cell and it leaves it shriveled with wrinkles.