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Periodic Table
Chemical Reactions
Mixtures
pH Scale
Atoms and Bonds
100
What is the periodic table?
An organized table composed of all the elements.
100
The energy required to start a chemical reaction
What is activation energy?
100
A mixture with a uniform composition (evenly mixed throughout).
What is a homogenous mixture?
100
The pH level that living things need to maintain
What is neutral pH?
100
The particles that make up an atom
What are protons, electrons, and neutrons?
200
The horizontal rows on the periodic table
What are periods?
200
The starting substances in a chemical reaction
What are reactants?
200
A substance in which another substance is dissolved
What is a solvent?
200
Releases hydrogen ions, has a pH of <7
What is an acid?
200
An element with a different number of neutrons
What is an isotope?
300
The vertical columns on the periodic table, like families of elements
What are groups?
300
The substances formed during the chemical reaction
What are products?
300
The substance that is dissolved in the solvent
What is a solute?
300
Releases hydroxide ions, pH is >7
What is a base?
300
An electrical bond formed when atoms take electrons from other atoms.
What is an ionic bond?
400
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons
What is an isotope?
400
What is a catalyst?
A substance that lowers the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction.
400
A mixture in which the components remain distinct or separate
What is a heterogeneous mixture?
400
Purpose of buffers
What keeps the pH balanced?
400
Formed when atoms share electrons
What is a covalent bond?
500
List uses of radioactive isotopes.
Dating fossils, MRIs, Chemotherapy, etc.
500
Why isn't it true that a candle "disappears" as it burns?
Conservation of mass tells us that matter can never be created or destroyed, only changed
500
Give an example of a homogenous solution AND a heterogeneous mixture.
Homogenous: Kool-Aid, Sugar Water, Tea, Coffee, etc. Heterogeneous: Salad, Nuts and Bolts, Burger, Blood, Milk, etc.
500
Why are buffers vital to living things?
Living things require a certain pH to survive. Buffers keep it within the required levels.
500
Formed between polar molecules (think about water molecules!)
What is a hydrogen bond?