Chemical equations
What do chemical equations use?
Formulas and symbols
What are the 5 major types of chemical reactions?
Synthesis, decomposition, combustion, single displacement, double displacement
What is the rate of reaction?
The rate of reaction is the speed of the reaction.
What are the 3 ways of balancing chemical equations and what does MeNOH stand for?
Even steven, keep it simple, MENOH - Metal, non metal, oxygen, hydrogen
What is synthesis and decomposition?
Synthesis - Where 2 or more simpler substances combine to form a more complex substance.
Decomposition - When 1 substance breaks down into 2 or more simpler substances.
What is collision theory?
For substances to chemically react, they must physically collide.
What can and can’t be changed in the chemical equation?
The chemical formulas can’t be changed and the coefficients can change.
What is the difference between single and double displacement?
In single displacement reactions, the chemicals replace one another, but in double displacement reactions, the two molecules exchange places.
What are the 4 factors that increase the rate of reaction?
They are temperature, concentration and pressure, surface area, catalyst and inhibitors.
What is the rule of the ‘law of conservation’ and who made it?
Mass is neither created nor destroyed by chemical reactions, it can change forms but it is still conserved. It is made by a French chemist named Antoine Lavoisier.
State the general format of combustion
Fuel + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water
What substance does ‘pressure’ include in collision theory?
Only gas is included in pressure.
For balancing equations, what should equal to what?
The total mass of the reactant atoms must equal the total mass of the product atoms.
Classify the following reaction.
Cl2 + 2NaBr -> 2NaCl + Br2
Single displacement
During collision, what happens?
During the collision, bonds in the reactants are broken and bonds increase the rate of the reaction.