Circulatory System
What organ pumps blood around the body?
Heart
Which organs help us breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide?
Lungs
What are pathogens?
Microorganisms that cause disease
What is the body’s first line of defence against germs that covers the largest surface area?
Skin
What body system helps break down food?
Digestive System
What liquid in the circulatory system carries oxygen and nutrients around the body?
Blood
What gas do humans breathe out after respiration?
Carbon dioxide
Name one type of pathogen.
Bacteria, virus, fungus, or parasite
Which tiny cells in the blood help fight pathogens?
White blood cells
Which system carries messages between the brain and body?
Nervous System
Name the three main parts of the circulatory system.
Heart, blood, and blood vessels
What muscle under the lungs helps us breathe in and out?
Diaphragm
Name two ways to prevent the spread of disease.
Washing hands, vaccinations, covering mouth when coughing, or clean food and water
What is the role of white blood cells?
They attack and destroy pathogens
Which two systems work together to move oxygen around the body?
Respiratory and circulatory systems
Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
Arteries
What happens to your ribs and diaphragm when you breathe in?
The ribs move up and out, and the diaphragm flattens to allow the lungs to expand
How can washing your hands help prevent the spread of pathogens?
It removes or kills germs so they do not spread
What is a vaccine and how does it help protect the body?
A vaccine trains the immune system to recognise and fight a disease
What is the main function of the skeletal system?
To support the body and protect organs
Name the four main components of blood and their functions.
Red blood cells (carry oxygen), white blood cells (fight infections), platelets (help clot blood), plasma (carries nutrients and waste)
What tiny air sacs in the lungs allow oxygen to enter the blood?
Alveoli
How can your body protect you if you eat food that is not clean?
The stomach acid can kill many germs, and white blood cells in the immune system fight off harmful bacteria and viruses
Name two ways the immune system defends the body besides white blood cells.
Producing antibodies, producing memory cells, inflammation, fever, or mucus trapping germs
How do two body systems work together during exercise?
Example: respiratory system takes in oxygen and circulatory system carries it to muscles