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CHAPTER TERMS
COMPARE AND CONTRAST
CHEMISTRY
EXAMPLES OF
ENERGY
100
AN ATTEMPT TO DISCOVER ORDER IN NATURE AND USE THAT KNOWLEDGE TO MAKE PREDICTIONS
What is SCIENCE
100
One involves using specific observations and measurements to arrive at a general conclusion and the other involves using logic to arrive at a specific conclusion.
What is the difference between inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning?
100
SOLID, LIQUID, GAS, AND PLASMA
What ARE THE FOUR STATES OF MATTER?
100
ELECTRICITY, CONCENTRATED SUNLIGHT, AND HEAT DISPERSED IN THE MOVING MOLECULES OF A LARGE AMOUNT OF MATTER.
What ARE EXAMPLES OF HIGH-QUALITY AND LOW -QUALITY ENERGY?
100
THE CAPACITY TO DO WORK AND TRANSFER HEAT
What is ENERGY?
200
A SET OF COMPONENTS THAT FUNCTION AND INTERACT IN SOME REGULAR AND THEORETICALLY PREDICTABLE MANNER
What is A SYSTEM?
200
One is a change in a certain direction that causes a system to change further in the same direction, but the other one is a change that leads to a lessening of that change.
What is the difference between positive and negative feedback loop?
200
A MEASURE OF THE CONCENTRATION OF H+ IN A WATER SOLUTION.
What is pH?
200
Cutting a piece of aluminum foil into small pieces and coal burning completely
What are examples of physical and chemical changes?
200
PERCENTAGE OF THE TOTAL ENERGY INPUT THAT DOES USEFUL WORK AND IS NOT CONVERTED INTO LOW-QUALITY
What is ENERGY EFFICIENCY?
300
ENERGY RADIATED IN THE FORM OF A WAVE AS A RESULT OF THE CHANGING ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS
What is ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION?
300
One is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom, but the other is the total number of neutrons and protons in the nucleus.
What is the difference between the atomic number and the mass number?
300
VARIOUS FORMS OF AN ELEMENT HAVING THE SAME ATOMIC NUMBER BUT DIFFERENT MASS NUMBERS
What is AN ISOTOPE OF AN ATOM?
300
Chemical nature, concentration, and persistence
What are the three factors that determine the harm that a pollutant causes?
300
ONE IS DEALS WITH MATTER AND ITS MASS AND SPEED OR VELOCITY, BUT THE OTHER IS STORED AND POTENTIALLY AVAILABLE FOR USE.
What is THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN KINETIC AND POTENTIAL ENERGY?
400
OCCURS WHEN AN OUTPUT OF MATTER, ENERGY, OR INFORMATION IS FED BACK INTO THE SYSTEM AS AN INPUT THAT CHANGES THE SYSTEM
What is A FEEDBACK LOOP?
400
ONE CONTAINS CARBON ATOMS COMBINED WITH EACH OTHER AND WITH ATOMS OF ONE OR MORE OTHER ELEMENTS, BUT THE OTHER DOES NOT HAVE CARBON-CARBON OR CARBON-HYDROGEN COVALENT BONDS
What is THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ORGANIC AND INORGANIC COMPOUNDS?
400
POSITIVELY CHARGED PROTONS, UNCHARGED NEUTRONS, AND NEGATIVELY CHARGED ELECTRONS
What ARE THREE MAJOR TYPES OF SUBATOMIC PARTICLES FOUND IN ATOMS?
400
Convection, conduction, and radiation
What are three different ways in which heat can be transferred?
400
Croc rONE IS THE TOTAL KINETIC ENERGY OF ALL MOVING ATOMS,IONS, MOLECULES WITHIN A GIVEN SUBSTANCE, BUT ONE IS THE AVERAGE SPEED OF MOTION OF THE ATOMS, IONS, OR MOLECULES IN A SAMPLE OF MATTER
What is THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HEAT AND TEMPERATURE?
500
How aIN ALL PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHANGES, ENERGY IS NEITHER CREATED NOR DESTROYED, BUT IT MAY BE CONVERTED FROM ONE FORM TO ANOTHER.
What is THE LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MATTER?
500
ONE IS CONCENTRATED AND USUALLY FOUND NEAR EARTH'S SURFACE, BUT THE OTHER IS DILUTE AND OFTEN DEEP UNDERGROUND
What is THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HIGH-QUALITY MATTER AND LOW-QUALITY MATTER?
500
SHORTHAND THAT SHOWS THE NUMBER OF ATOMS (OR IONS) OF EACH TYPE IN A COMPOUND
What IS A CHEMICAL FORMULA?
500
Degradable, slowly degradable, and nondegradable
What are the three types of pollutants?
500
ONE ATTEMPTS TO SUSTAIN EVER-INCREASING ECONOMIC GROWTH, ONE ALLOWS GROWTH TO CONTINUE WITHOUT DEPLETING MATTER RESOURCES, AND ONE IS BASED ON ENERGY FLOW AND MATTER RECYCLING
What IS HIGH-THROUGHPUT, MATTER-RECYCLING, AND LOW-THROUGHPUT ECONOMIES?