Scientific, Political, and Economic Change - Part 1

Multiple Choice

100

What concept was the belief in "divine right" used to support? a. absolute rule b. freedom of religion c. separation of church and state d. waging war for religious purposes

a. absolute rule

200

Which war was sparked by religious conflict and resulted in the increased power of France, the weakening of Spain and Austria, and the devastation of Germany? a. the Seven Years' War b. the Thirty Years' War c. the War of the Spanish Succession d. the War of the Austrian Succession

b. the Thirty Years' War

300

By the end of the 1600s, what had England's system of government become? a. an absolute monarchy b. a military dictatorship c. a constitutional monarchy d. a constitutional democracy

c. a constitutional monarchy

400

During the reign of Ivan the Terrible, which of the following groups suffered the greatest loss of power? a. the serfs b. the boyars c. the monarchy d. the Russian Orthodox church

b. the boyars

500

What were some of Philip II's accomplishments as king of Spain? a. He built up the strongest army in the world with 80,000 men. b. He won territory in the Seven Years' War. c. He reformed the culture and made Spain a power to be reckoned with. d. He defended Roman Catholicism and helped stimulate the arts.

d. He defended Roman Catholicism and helped stimulate the arts.

Multiple Choice

100

What was the main cause of the eight civil wars that were fought in France between 1562 and 1598? a. class differences b. economic hardship c. religious differences d. the lack of a clear heir to the throne

c. religious differences

200

What king became France's most powerful ruler and boasted "I am the state"? a. Henry II b. Henry IV c. Louis IX d. Louis XIV

d. Louis XIV

300

Why did Peter the Great build the city of St. Petersburg? a. He wanted a city named after himself so that he would be remembered. b. He wanted a city on a seaport that would make it easier to travel to the West. c. He didn't like Moscow, so he decided to build a new city. d. He wanted to build a city that was just like the European cities he visited.

b. He wanted a city on a seaport that would make it easier to travel to the West.

400

European monarchs became absolute rulers in response to which of the following? a. heavy tax burdens that were levied to support trade and colonial growth b. the growth and increased power of nobilities and representative bodies c. the increased size of courts and new government bureaucracies d. religious and territorial conflicts that caused warfare and revolts

d. religious and territorial conflicts that caused warfare and revolts

500

What was the Edict of Nantes issued in an effort to do? a. break the power of the French nobility b. increase the political power of the Huguenots c. increase the political power of the French Catholics d. bring an end to violent religious conflicts in France

d. bring an end to violent religious conflicts in France

Multiple Choice

100

Which of the following did the Restoration "restore" to power in England? a. Parliament b. the Catholics c. the monarchy, as an institution d. the king who had been overthrown in the civil war

c. the monarchy, as an institution

200

What was Peter the Great the first Russian ruler to make an effort to do? a. westernize Russia b. reduce the power of the nobles c. add territory to the Russian state d. organize and utilize a secret police force

a. westernize Russia

300

How did the economy of central Europe differ from that of western Europe? a. The feudal system ended earlier in central Europe. b. A middle class and a system of capitalism developed in central Europe. c. Monarchs in central Europe taxed the middle class to pay for armies. d. Serfs in central Europe did not move to cities and become the middle class.

d. Serfs in central Europe did not move to cities and become the middle class.

400

Why did strong states form more slowly in central Europe than in western Europe? a. They unified during the Thirty Years' War. b. They had weak empires and poor economies without a middle class. c. The citizens in the empires overthrew one ruler after another. d. The rulers wore too many crowns and ruled too much land.

b. They had weak empires and poor economies without a middle class.

500

What was the significance of the English Bill of Rights? a. It established the group of government ministers known as the cabinet. b. It allowed for the bloodless overthrow of King James II. c. It made clear the limits of royal power. d. It restored power to the monarch.

c. It made clear the limits of royal power.

Multiple Choice

100

The site for St. Petersburg was chosen because it was near a. Moscow. b. Peter's favorite palace. c. water routes to Europe. d. major roadways to Europe.

c. water routes to Europe.

200

The heliocentric, or sun-centered, theory was proposed by a. Galileo Galilei. b. Nicolaus Copernicus. c. Francis Bacon. d. Isaac Newton.

b. Nicolaus Copernicus.

300

In general, the philosophes believed in which of the following? a. expanding women's rights b. all Church decrees c. progress for society d. authoritarian rule

c. progress for society

400

How did the Baroque style and the neoclassical style differ? a. Baroque was used for music; neoclassical was used for painting. b. Baroque was used by Mozart; neoclassical was used by Bach. c. Baroque was grand and ornate; neoclassical was simple and elegant. d. All of the above are true.

c. Baroque was grand and ornate; neoclassical was simple and elegant.

500

Which of the following did the Enlightenment promote? a. a belief in progress b. a more secular outlook c. faith in science d. all of the above

d. all of the above

Multiple Choice

100

Which of the following were caused by the scientific revolution? a. the belief that the earth was an unmoving object at the center of the universe b. improvements in medicine and scientific instruments c. reliance on ancient authorities to explain the physical world d. the assumption that the human body was similar to the anatomy of other animals

b. improvements in medicine and scientific instruments

200

Which goal was NOT stated in the "slogan of the Revolution"? a. liberty b. equality c. justice d. brotherhood

c. justice

300

During the Reign of Terror, who was safe from the guillotine? a. no one b. the nobility c. known revolutionaries d. only Maximilien Robespierre

a. no one

400

Which of the following was an important goal of the Congress of Vienna? a. to destroy France b. to execute Napoleon by guillotine c. to establish a balance of power in Europe d. to establish Vienna as the new capital of Europe

c. to establish a balance of power in Europe

500

Which group most strongly embraced the ideals and principles of the Enlightenment? a. the nobility b. the bourgeoisie c. the peasant class d. the urban class

b. the bourgeoisie