This historical period revolutionized human thought from the earlier focus on faith alone to more of a focus on reason, and helped to bring about new scientific knowledge.
What is the Scientific Revolution?
100
This French "absolute monarch" self-centeredly declared, "I am the State."
Who is Louis XIV of France?
100
This proclamation offered religious protection to Protestants in France. . . . for a while.
What was the Edict of Nantes?
100
This French term is used to describe the leading thinkers of the Enlightenment.
What is philosophe?
100
Enlightenment thinkers believed that every person on the planet had these from birth and that governments could not legitimately deny them.
What are natural rights?
200
This model of the universe states that the sun is at the center of the universe.
What is the heliocentric model or heliocentrism?
200
This Prussian absolute ruler is most known for creating, and emphasizing the importance of a large, powerful military which he was more than willing to use.
Who is Frederick the Great of Prussia?
200
This event caused Spanish naval authority to diminish during the 1600s and opened the way for the rise of an increasingly influential British Empire.
What is the Defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588?
200
This philosophe first presented the idea that government should be split into three branches: legislative, executive and judicial; each that use their own power to check and balance one another in order to reduce government abuses.
Who was is the Baron de Montesquieu?
200
These were run by middle-aged women as a place where philosophes could share ideas and discuss matters in safety.
What are Salons?
300
Name 3 people who made contributions to the Scientific Revolution.
Who were Copernicus, Kepler, Brahe, Galileo, Newton, Harvey, Bacon and Descartes.
300
Name three main goals of Russian Czar Peter the Great.
What are:
expanding Russia's territorial borders
obtaining a warm water port to increace trade & commerce,
creating a bigger, more modern army and
modernizing and "westernizing" Russia.
300
This vicious conflict fragmented Germany into hundreds of small, separate states, some of whom chose to be Catholic, while others chose to be Protestant.
What is the 30 Years War?
300
This British political philosopher argued that people had natural rights that the government could not limit or deny; and that if they did so, the people had a right to rebel against that government and replace it with a better one.
Who is John Locke?
300
Voltaire defended this particular right by saying,
"I may not agree with a word you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it."
What is freedom of speech?
400
This the process of observing, hypothesizing and experimenting in order to deduce a scientific truth.
What is the Scientific Method?
400
While Czarina, this efficient, but ruthless enlightened despot finally achieved Russia's long-term goal having a warm water port.
Who is Catherine the Great of Russia?
400
This shattering English event was triggered due to Charles I 's inability to work with Parliament on government policies.
What was the English Civil War?
400
Though he disagreed with Locke on many things, both Locke and this pessimistic political philosopher agreed that government arose from a "social contract." between rulers and the ruled.
Who was Thomas Hobbes?
400
This political idea states that an agreement of sorts must be made between a ruler and the people governed, by which society gains security and order, and no one's rights are in danger.
What is the social contract?
500
This scientist discovered that the heart is used to pump blood through the body as part of a circulatory system of arteries and veins.
Who is William Harvey?
500
This French monarch offered the Protestant Huguenots religious protection at the end of the 1500s in his "Edict of Nantes."
Who is Henry IV of France?
500
This bloodless revolution in 1688 proved Parliament's power to limit the British monarch's power while increasing parliament's own importance and power.
What is the Glorious Revolution?
500
This physiocrat wrote "Wealth of Nations," in which he argued that the economy should be regulated by supply and demand and not through goverbnment regulation.
Who was Adam Smith?
500
In this book, Mary Wollstonecraft argues that women deserve to be educated so they can participate fully in society.