Scientific Revolution and The Enlightenment

People - Scientific Revolution

100

Humans have natural rights:  life, liberty, and property.

John Locke

200

Created the Scientific Method

Francis Bacon

300

Father of Modern Astronomy 

Galileo 

400

Created/Discovered the "Theory of Gravity"

Isaac Newton 

500

Proved that the planets move in ellipses NOT in perfect circles

Kepler 

People - Enlightenment

100

Women should have equal rights in education

Wollstonecraft 

200

Believed in 3 Branches of Government

Montesquieu 

300

Capital (cruel) punishment should NOT be allowed

Beccaria 

400

Believed people needed ABSOLUTE MONARCHY or there would be chaos

Thomas Hobbes 

500

Compare the theories of John Locke and Thomas Hobbes

One thought that people were capable of logic and reason and were inherently good based on their environment (Locke.)  People needed a Constitutional Monarchy

One thought people were selfish and mean and that only an ABSOLUTE monarchy would keep order (Hobbes)

Enlightenment People Cont.

100

People have a right/duty to overthrow a government that takes away Natural Rights

John Locke

200

Believed in Freedom of Speech and Religion

Voltaire 

300

Believed in Checks and Balances 

Montesquieu 

400

Thomas Hobbes based his theories about government after witnessing what?  (hint: a transition of power in England)

The English Civil War, which was very violent and saw the execution of Charles I.  

Locked grew up during the Glorious Revolution which was a peaceful takeover of power in which monarchs had to abide a constitution 

500

Philosophe who believed that Direct Democracy was the only true freedom 

Rousseau 

Scientific Revolution Random

100

Came up with the Heliocentric Theory

Copernicus 

200

What is the Heliocentric Theory?  

Everything revolves around the sun 

300

How did Galileo react when the church told him to recant his beliefs/teachings?

He TOTALLY recanted but spent the rest of his life on house arrest anyway

400

Theory stating that the EARTH is the center of the Universe.  Supported by ancient thinkers like Aristotle and Ptolemy 

Geocentric Theory

500

Until the Scientific Revolution, the traditional authority for truth was?  

(who told people how the world worked?)

the Church!

Enlightenment Random

100

The Enlightenment was also known as the Age of ________________

Reason  

200

Name for the places Enlightenment philosophes would meet to discuss the world around them

Salons 

300

Another name for an Enlightenment thinker was a _____________

Philosophe or Philosopher 

400

How did Enlightenment ideas impact the government of the United States? Did it?  How so? 

Ideas such as Freedom of Speech and Religion, checks and balances, separation of powers.  The idea that we have natural rights like life, liberty, and property.  Question your government and overthrow one that doesn't preserve your rights, etc.  

500

How did the Scientific Revolution lead to the Enlightenment 

People started observing the world around them and tried to use logic and reason to figure out how it worked.  This idea of observation and problem solving would soon meld into how people viewed government