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Scientific Rev.
The Enlightenment
Vocabulary I
Miscellaneous
Regents Questions
100
Explained the law of gravity
Who is Issac Newton
100
wrote the Leviathan (1651); stated people were naturally greedy; In his Social Contract, he wrote people should obey one ruler and submit to an absolute monarchy
Who is Thomas Hobbes
100
Social gathering of intellectuals and artists during the Enlightenment era
What is a salon
100
fought for tolerance; was very outspoken
Voltaire
100
“We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.” The ideas expressed in the quotation are based primarily on the writings of: 1. Niccolo Machiavelli 2. Charles Darwin 3. Charlemagne 4. John Locke
Who is John Locke
200
This man__________replaced geocentric theory with ___________ theory
Who is Copernicus What is heliocentric theory
200
Believed that power should not be concentrated in one place, like a King, but should be separated into branches of government.
Who is Montesquieu
200
French term for philosopher
What is a philosophe
200
reason and logic are two words that are essential to the _________
What is the Enlightenment
200
Writers of the Enlightenment were primarily interested in: 1. changing the relationship between people and their government 2. supporting the divine right theory 3. debating the role of the church in society 4. promoting increased power for European monarchs
What is changing the relationship between people and their government
300
invented the telescope; made many astronomical discoveries
Who is Galileo
300
The French philosopher who believed that the only good government was formed by the people and guided by the "general will" of society. He advocated for the common man.
Who is Rousseau
300
logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas
What is the Scientific Method
300
Which two time periods led to the Scientific Revolution?
What is the Renaissance and the Reformation
300
The writings of the Enlightenment philosophers in Europe encouraged later political revolution with their support of: 1. socialism 2. imperialism 3. the natural rights of man 4. the divine right monarchies
What is the natural rights of man
400
Which statement best describes the effects of the works of Nicolaus Copernicus, Galileo Galilei, Sir Isaac Newton, and René Descartes? 1. The acceptance of traditional authority was strengthened. 2.The scientific method was used to solve problems. 3. Funding to education was increased by the English government. 4. Interest in Greek and Roman drama was renewed.
What is The scientific method was used to solve problems.
400
wrote A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792) where she argued for women's rights
Who is Mary Wollstonecraft
400
Life, liberty and property are referred to as _______
What are natural rights
400
An agreement between society and government by which people create a government and allow it power over them. Hobbes and Rousseau each wrote one.
What is a Social Contract
400
Francis Bacon, Galileo, and Isaac Newton promoted the idea that knowledge should be based on: 1. the experiences of past civilizations 2. experimentation and observation 3. emotions and feelings 4. the teachings of the Catholic Church
What is experimentation and observation
500
He believed everything should be doubted until proven by reason.
Who is Rene Descartes
500
wrote Two Treatises of Government (1690); believed all humans should have natural rights and these natural rights should be protected by a democratic government
Who is John Locke
500
Monarchs who embraced the new ideas that reflected the Enlightenment spirit. They became known as ________
What is an enlightened despot
500
The division of power among different branches of government.
What is separation of powers
500
During the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment, one similarity in the work of many scientists and philosophers was that they: 1. relied heavily on the ideas of medieval thinkers 2. favored an absolute monarchy as a way of improving economic conditions 3. received support from the Catholic Church 4. examined natural laws governing the universe
What is examined natural laws governing the universe