Chapter 7
Culture and Communication
Culture and Communication
This system of social structures and practices maintains the values, priorities, and interests of men as a group.
Ideology of Patriarchy
What are some examples of attention-grabbers/attention-getting devices?
(Name at least 3)
1- Citing a startling fact/statistic
2- Using humor/a joke
3- Asking a direct question, a rhetorical question, or a series of questions
4- Telling a story
5- Using a quotation
What are vocal variety elements that a speaker should incorporate into a successful speech?
Rate, Volume, and Pitch.
What is the goal of informative speaking?
To teach an audience something using credible, objective, factual information.
◦ Create understanding
◦ Clarify and explain
What are Aristotle's 3 Forms of Rhetorical Proof?
Ethos = Credibility
Logos = Logic
Pathos = Emotion
Karyn thinks that eating with chopsticks is weird and people should, instead, eat with forks.
This is an example of...
Ethnocentrism
Definition: It is a one-sentence statement that includes the objective you want to accomplish in your speech.
Specific Purpose Statement
Which delivery method envolves memorizing the overall structure and main points of a speech, and then speaking from keyword/key-phrase notes?
Extemporaneous Delivery
Definition: It is a barrier to effective listening that occurs when a speech contains more information than an audience can process.
Information Overload
What are the 5 steps of Monroe’s Motivated Sequence?
Attention
Need
Satisfaction
Visualization
Action
This system of ideas and beliefs makes it seem natural and normal that some people or groups will always have power over others.
Ideology of Domination
At minimum, what does an appropriate or effective oral citation include?
Author, Date, and Source
Extra movements caused by anxiety, like tapping a foot, playing with a pen, or twirling hair, can detract from a speaker’s message and credibility.
These movements are examples of...
Nonverbal Adaptors
What are organizational patterns for informative speeches?
Topical, Chronological, and Spatial
Definition: It is the mental discomfort that results when new information clashes with or contradicts currently held beliefs, attitudes, or values.
Cognitive Dissonance
This practice refers to changing from one way of speaking to another between or within interactions.
Code Switching
Identify the components of a competent presentation body.
Main Points
Supporting Material
Transitions
Signposts
Being exposed to real or imagined anxiety-inducing scenarios, like practicing a speech in the mirror or in front of a friend, can help with redcing speaking anxiety.
This refers to...
Systematic Desensitization
What are the 3 main learning styles?
Visual, Auditory, and Kinesthetic
People should buy and eat more organic foods. More and more people are starting to eat them and they are becoming more popular.
This is an example of which type of fallacy?
Bandwagon
(popularity and frequency are not strong warrants to support an argument)
Joeseph understands that others have cultural beliefs, values, and practices that are different from his own cultural standards. Therefore, he does not judge or deem them to be right or wrong.
This is an example of...
Cultural Relativism
Describe the criteria for evaluating supporting material.
1- Currency → is the source recent/up-to-date/relevant to the present?
2- Reliability → is the source credible?
3- Authority → does the source have appropriate credentials?
4- Purpose → does it fit the purpose of the speech?
5- Point of View → does it reinforce my point of view?
Which technique encourages people to think of public speaking as a conversation rather than a performance?
Communication-orientation Modification Therapy
What are the 4 methods of informing?
Definition, Description, Demonstration, and Explanation
What are the 3 primary dimensions of credibility?
Competence: a speaker’s expertise in relation to the topic being discussed.
Trustworthiness: perceiving a speaker to be presenting accurate, credible information in a non-manipulative way.
Dynamism: perceiving a speaker to be outgoing and animated.