Appendicitis & Diverticulitis
This is the scoring system for diagnosing appendicitis.
What is the Alvarado score?
These are the endpoints for "running" (examining) the small bowel.
What are the ligament of Treitz and the terminal ileum/ileocecal valve?
This is the most common gas used for insufflation of the abdomen.
What is CO2?
Desmoid tumors are strongly associated with this genetic variant.
What is FAP?
(Garner syndrome also accepted)
This is the most commonly used serum marker for autoimmune pancreatitis.
What is IgG4?
(>2x upper limit of normal serum levels)
The appendiceal artery is found in this structure.
What is the mesoappendix?
This is the correct management of mesenteric cysts.
What is enucleation (complete excision)?
This is the absolute contraindication to minimally invasive surgery
What is hypovolemic shock / severe hemodynamic instability?
These recreational drugs can cause intestinal ischemia
This transplant medication is typically held for elective operations due to the side effect of poor wound healing.
What is sirolimus?
These are the Hinchey stages.
What are:
1- Pericolonic phlegmon/abscess
2- Distant (RP or pelvic) abscess
3- Purulent diverticulitis
4- Feculent diverticulitis
What is a bedside decompressive laparotomy?
This energy mode is low-voltage, with energy applied for 100% of the duty cycle.
What is "cut mode"?
This is the name for referred left shoulder pain after laparoscopic insufflation.
What is Kehr sign?
This is the indicated operation for chronic pancreatitis with 10-mm pancreatic duct in the body and tail, with no pancreatic head enlargement.
What is a lateral pancreaticojejunostomy?
Longitudinal pancreatojejunostomy is indicated in patients with dilated pancreatic duct (> 6 mm) without pancreatic head enlargement.
In patients with a dilated pancreatic duct with an enlarged pancreatic head, a resection-and-drainage procedure is indicated (such as a Frey or Beger procedure). In patients with an enlarged pancreatic head and a dilated pancreatic duct, in whom pancreatic cancer is suspected, pancreatoduodenectomy is indicated.
This is the management for a neoplasm found at the base of the appendix.
These are the boundaries of the lesser sac.
What are:
This is the main source of "fuel" in a surgical fire.
What is alcohol-based skin prep?
This type of hematoma is confined within the rectus muscle, but can dissect along the transversalis fascial plane or cross the midline.
What is a type 2 rectus sheath hematoma?
These are the basic steps for Hasson entry.
What is:
-make a 10-12mm periumbilical skin incision
-spreading subcutaneous fat with retractors or Kelly
-elevate umbilical stalk, incise linea alba, place stay sutures; may need to incise peritoneum
-insert Hasson trocar and insufflate
This is the approximate recurrence rate of appendicitis within 1 year when treated nonoperatively.
What is 27-30%?
These are three cardiovascular effects of abdominal compartment syndrome.
What are: (any 3 accepted)
This occurs when energy is transferred from the cable of a cautery device to already energized cables or wires nearby, such as camera cords. This can induce burns.
What is capacitative coupling?
Before administering HIPEC, cytoreduction should be performed with the aim to remove all lesions of this thickness.
What are lesions >2.5mm?
These are the grades of postoperative pancreatic fistula.
What are:
Grade A - biochemical leak (>3x amylase only)
Grade B - signs of infection but no sepsis/organ failure + high amylase
Grade C - signs of organ failure + high amylase