Judicial Power & Federalism
Established Judicial Review
What is Marbury vs. Madison
This WWI-era case created the “clear and present danger” test.
What is Schenck v. United States?
Declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional.
What is Brown vs Board of Education
This case ruled that school-sponsored prayer is unconstitutional.
What is Engel v. Vitale?
This case guaranteed the right to a lawyer for defendants who cannot afford one.
What is Gideon v. Wainwright?
This 1819 case confirmed that states cannot tax federal institutions.
What is McCulloch v. Maryland?
This case protected students wearing armbands in protest of the Vietnam War.
What is Tinker v. Des Moines School District?
This case said districts drawn mainly based on race may violate Equal Protection.
What is Shaw v. Reno?
Protected free exercise of religion over certain state laws (education requirements).
What is Wisconsin v. Yoder
Incorporated the Second Amendment to apply to states.
What is Mcdonald v. Chicago
This 1824 case established that Congress regulates interstate commerce.
What is Gibbons v. Ogden?
This 1971 case ruled against prior restraint in the Pentagon Papers situation.
What is New York Times v. United States?
This case allowed affirmative action but banned strict racial quotas.
What is Regents of the University of California v. Bakke?
This case established a constitutional right to privacy including abortion.
What is Roe v. Wade?
This case involved Equal Protection in the 2000 presidential election recount.
What is Bush v. Gore?
This 1995 case limited Congress’s power under the Commerce Clause.
What is United States v. Lopez?
This case ruled that flag burning is protected symbolic speech.
What is Texas v. Johnson?
This WWII-era case upheld Japanese internment (later criticized).
What is Korematsu v. United States?
This case created the test for what counts as obscene material.
What is Miller v. California?
This case defined limits of protected speech by outlining obscenity rules.
What is Miller v. California?
This 1961 case made legislative redistricting a justiciable issue.
What is Baker v. Carr?
This 2010 case held that corporate political spending is protected speech.
What is Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission?
This case reinforced “one person, one vote” under Equal Protection.
What is Baker v. Carr?
Created the “clear and present danger” test for limiting speech.
What is Schenck v. United States
This case expanded due process protections through the right to privacy.
What is Roe v. Wade?