Scout First Aid

Scene of Event

100

What is the definition of a hurry case?

Any conditions that threatens victim's life

200

Some people are very allergic to insect bites and stings. This condition is called ____.

Anaphylactic shock

300

When making a 911 call what are the 3 W's 

Who, What, and Where.

400

When to Perform CPR

• Unresponsiveness: The person does not wake up or respond to touch, shaking, or loud voices.
• No Breathing or Gasping: The person is not breathing or is only making irregular gasping sounds, often called agonal breaths.
• No Pulse: If trained to check for a pulse and you cannot feel one, begin CPR immediately.

500

The Steps of First Aid (8)

1: Check the scene.

2: Call for help.

3: Approach safely.

4: Provide urgent treatment.

5: Protect from further injury.

6: Treat every accident victim for shock.

7: Make a thorough examination.

8: Plan a course of action.

Treatments

100

How to treat simple cuts and scrapes?

Wash wound with soap and water, apply antibiotic ointment and bandage the wound. Clean and reapply each day.

200

How to treat Poisonous Plant Infections?

-Wash the area immediately with soap and water. -Don't scratch.

- Put ointment on the effected area 

-Seek medical attention if the reaction is severe.

300

How to treat Nosebleeds?

-Lean forward and pinch the nose firmly but gently.
-Hold a cold compress against the nose and surrounding area.
-After 10 minutes check; if bleeding, keep treating. If not bleeding, don't irritate or blow nose.
-If bleeding after 15 minutes, seek medical attention.

400

How to treat Objects in the Eye?

-Remove any eye wear.
-Blink eyes rapidly.
-Flush eyes with water.
-If it doesn't come out, cover with a sterile gauze pad and go to a doctor.

500

How to treat Venomous Snakebites?
Bonus question (1): Name at least 2 of the venomous snakes located in North America.

1: Remove jewelry from the wound.
2: Seek medical attention immediately.
3: Wash the wound and cover with roller bandages.
4: Have the victim lie down with the wound lower than the rest of the body and keep the victim calm.
5: Treat for shock.
Bonus: Rattlesnakes, copperheads, cottonmouths, coral snakes, yellow-bellied sea snakes.

Symptoms/ Causes

100

What are the signs of Shock

• Pale, cool, or clammy skin
• Rapid or weak pulse
• Shallow or fast breathing
• Confusion or loss of consciousness
• Nausea or vomiting

200

What are the warning signals of a heart attack?

-Feeling of weakness.
-Shortness of breath.
-Nausea.
-Unusual sweating.
-Uncomfortable pain in the center of the chest.

300

What are the symptoms of heat exhaustion? How to treat heat exhaustion (3 Steps)?

symptoms: Pale and clammy skin, nausea/tiredness, dizziness/fainting, headache/weakness.
1: Lie in a cool, shady place with feet raised and remove excess clothing.
2: Cool by applying fanning and wet cloths.
3: Sip water if fully alert. Seek medical attention if symptoms remain.

400

What are the symptoms of Hypothermia?

• Mild Symptoms:
  • Shivering, which is the body’s attempt to generate heat.
  • Cold, pale skin and numbness in extremities.
  • Fatigue, slurred speech, or clumsiness.
• Severe Symptoms:
  • Confusion or disorientation.
  • Weak pulse or shallow breathing.
  • Loss of shivering as the body temperature drops further.
  • Unconsciousness in extreme cases.

500

How to identify type of burn?

• Superficial Burns (First Degree): Red, dry skin that is painful to the touch. There is no blistering.
• Partial-Thickness Burns (Second Degree): Red, swollen skin with blisters and intense pain. The affected area may appear wet or shiny.
• Full-Thickness Burns (Third Degree): White, charred, or leathery skin. The area may be numb due to nerve damage, but the surrounding tissue can be very painful.

Preventions

100

What are the ABCD's of CPR?

Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Defibrillator.

200

How do you Prevent Dehydration and Over-Hydration?

• Drink Appropriately: Drink water throughout the day, but balance with electrolyte solutions during intense activity or hot weather.
• Pay Attention to Thirst: Use thirst as a guide but monitor for signs of under- or over-drinking.
• Avoid Excessive Water Consumption: Don’t force yourself to drink large amounts of water in a short time unless needed for rehydration.
• Know the Conditions: Adjust your hydration plan based on heat, humidity, and activity level.

300

How to prevent a sunburn?

Use sunscreen and wear long pants, shirts, and a hat.

400

How to Prevent Infection While Giving First Aid

• Wear Gloves: Always wear disposable gloves when treating wounds or handling body fluids. This creates a barrier between you and the person.
• Use a Face Mask or Shield: If performing CPR or treating someone close to your face, use a mask or shield to protect against airborne germs.
• Wash Your Hands: Wash your hands with soap and water before and after giving care. If soap isn’t available, use hand sanitizer.
• Avoid Touching Your Face: Keep your hands away from your face to reduce the risk of transferring germs to your eyes, nose, or mouth.
• Handle First Aid Supplies Carefully: Only use clean, unused supplies. Avoid touching sterile bandages or equipment directly.
• Dispose of Used Supplies Safely: Place used gloves, bandages, and other materials in a sealed plastic bag before throwing them away. If sharps like needles are used, dispose of them in a puncture-proof container.

500

How to prevent chemical burns

• Handle Chemicals Safely: Always read and follow the labels on chemical products.
• Use Protective Gear: Wear gloves, goggles, or masks when handling strong cleaning agents or industrial chemicals.
• Store Chemicals Properly: Keep them out of reach of children and in secure containers.
• Work in Ventilated Areas: Ensure good airflow when using chemicals to reduce the risk of inhalation injuries.

First Aid Kit/Methods

100

Which technique is not suitable for moving an unconscious victim?

Four-handed seat carry

200

Say 4 things you should have in your first aid kit.

-Bandages

- (Sterile) Gauze Pads 

-Small adhesive tape 

- Moleskin 

- Scissors 

- Soap Bar/ Sanitizer

- Disposable Gloves 

- Antibiotic ointment 

- CPR breathing barrier 

- Pencil and Paper 

300

Benefits of Using a Tourniquet

• Life-Saving: Stops severe bleeding quickly when other methods fail.
• Fast and Effective: Easy to apply, even in high-pressure situations.
• Buys Time: Helps stabilize the victim until professional medical help arrives.

400

What are the Key Steps in CPR Technique

1. Position Yourself and the Victim:
   • Place the person flat on their back on a firm surface.
   • Kneel beside their chest, positioning your hands correctly for compressions.
2. Perform Chest Compressions:
   • Place the heel of one hand in the center of the chest, between the nipples. Place your other hand on top and interlock your fingers.
   • Push hard and fast, compressing the chest at least 2 inches deep at a rate of 100-120 compressions per minute.
   • Allow the chest to rise fully between compressions.
3. Provide Rescue Breaths (if trained):
   • After 30 compressions, open the airway by tilting the head back and lifting the chin.
   • Pinch the nose shut, cover the person’s mouth with yours, and give two rescue breaths. Each breath should last about one second, making the chest rise.
4. Continue Until Help Arrives:
   • Repeat cycles of 30 compressions and 2 breaths until medical professionals take over or the person shows signs of life.

500

Why the Scout Annual Health and Medical Record Is Important for First Aid

• Immunizations: Knowing a Scout’s immunization record helps determine if they are protected against illnesses like tetanus or measles. This is vital when dealing with injuries or exposures to contagious diseases.
• Allergies: The form lists allergies, such as to bee stings, food, or medications. This ensures leaders and first aid responders are aware of potential reactions and can act quickly if one occurs.
• Medications: Details about medications help ensure the Scout receives the correct dose at the right time. It also informs responders about what medications they may already have in their system.
• Health History: Information about conditions like asthma, diabetes, or heart problems helps first aid providers understand any underlying issues that may affect treatment.
• Medical Examinations: A recent medical exam ensures the Scout is physically prepared for activities and identifies any restrictions or risks.