Salty Situations
Hyponatremia often presents with this neurological symptom due to cerebral edema
What is AMS?
This type of IV solution has the same osmolality as blood and is often called “normal saline.”
What is isotonic?
This disorder is characterized by excessive secretion of antidiuretic hormone, leading to water retention and hyponatremia.
What is SIADH?
This term describes a blood pH below 7.35
What is acidosis?
Low sodium levels in the blood are called this.
What is hyponatremia?
Hypernatremia is most commonly caused by this condition, where the body has too little water
What is dehydration?
A 3% NaCl IV is considered this type of solution, which draws water out of cells into the bloodstream
What is hypertonic?
A hallmark symptom of diabetes insipidus is this, caused by excessive urine output.
What is polyuria?
A patient’s ABG shows pH 7.25, PaCO₂ 50 mmHg, and HCO₃⁻ 24 mEq/L
What is respiratory acidosis uncompensated?
High potassium levels can cause
What is dysrhythmia?
This hormone, secreted by the adrenal glands, promotes sodium retention in the kidneys
What is aldosterone?
This solution is isotonic on the shelf and hypotonic in your patient
What is D5W?
Treatment for DI often involves reducing urine output
What is desmopressin (DDAVP)
This organ primarily regulates metabolic components (bicarbonate) of acid-base balance
What is the Kidney?
Hypocalcemia often presents with this neuromuscular sign, where tapping the facial nerve causes facial twitching.
What is Chvostek’s sign?
This imbalance happened over a short period of time and cannot be corrected too quickly
What is acute hyponatremia?
Administering large volumes of 0.45% NaCl too quickly can lead to this dangerous condition due to water moving into brain cells.
What is cerebral edema?
In SIADH, urine is usually concentrated, so this lab value is elevated.
What is urine osmolality?
Metabolic alkalosis caused by diuretic therapy is often accompanied by low levels of which electrolyte
What is potassium?
A patient with hyponatremia should have what precautions in place
Seizure precautions
When treating hyponatremia, the nurse knows that coexisting low levels of this electrolyte must be corrected carefully, because failure to do so can worsen neurologic outcomes.
What is potassium?
When a patient has cerebral edema, the nurse knows this type of IV fluid is often used to pull fluid out of brain cells while maintaining intravascular volume
What is hypertonic solution (3%)?
Treatment of mild chronic SIADH often includes restricting this intake to help correct hyponatremia
What is fluid restriction?
When respiratory acidosis occurs, the body often compensates through this mechanism to help normalize pH.
What is hyperventilation?
Hypokalemia can be caused by this common nursing intervention, especially if overdone in patients taking loop diuretics.
What is potassium wasting?