Key Terms 1
Key Terms 2
Key Terms 3
Key Terms 4
Random
Brown's Ten Commandments
100
This is the study of how words are formed.
Morphology
100
This skill requires a mastery of grammar in more than one language: the act of inserting words or phrases in longer stretches of another language.
Code-Switching
100
The act of reaching beyond one's self to understand what another person is thinking or feeling. aka, "putting yourself in someone else's shoes."
Empathy
100
The ideas, customs, skills, arts and tools that characterize a given group of people in a given period of time.
Culture
100
This is the study of the sounds of words.
Phonology
100
This commandment refers to breaking down the walls students use to protect their ego.
Lower Inhibitions
200
The 4-step sequence of first language learning development.
L-S-R-W
200
The developmental process wherein certain functions are stabilized in the left or right hemisphere of the brain.
Lateralization
200
This term refers to a willingness to attempt speaking a new language with the understanding that they will likely make mistakes.
Risk-taking
200
A mistaken idea or belief people have about a group based on how they look on the outside.
Cultural Stereotype
200
This distinct mode of pronunciation is sometimes referred to as "the flavor of language."
Accent
200
This commandment advises the teacher make their classroom environment feel like a community.
Engage in Cooperative Learning
300
Vygotsky's idea about assessing where a child is on a learning scale and providing scaffolding for them to acquire more knowledge.
Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)
300
This affective consideration is defined as the invisible walls put up around a person in order to protect their ego, their sense of self, or the persona they project to the world.
Inhibitions
300
The identity a person develops in reference to the language they speak.
Language Ego
300
James Cummins' idea of skills in the day-to-day spoken language needed to interact socially with other people.
Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills (BICS)
300
This describes people who have one sense of word meanings in their head, new language is translated through that original meaning.
Coordinate bilingual
300
This commandment refers to the necessity of teaching the students tools to deal with stress.
Promote Ambiguity Tolerance
400
This theorist identified the concept of Deep Structure and Surface Structure. 
Noam Chomsky
400
This word describes people who understand more than one language but lack the ability or confidence to generate speech in their non-native language.
Receptive or Passive bilingual
400
These are two differing states of anxiety where one helps keep a person balanced and alert, and the other form brings about a weakened state of being.
Facilitative vs. Debilitative Anxiety
400
This term refers to linguistic features from a person's first language becoming permanent errors in the way they speak a new language.
Fossilization
400
People who have this trait in high quantity are equipped with the ability to adapt to situations where expectations may be unclear.
Tolerance of Ambiguity
400
This commandment requires the teacher to be in tune with their ability to know when to correct errors and praise students for good guesses.
Practice Intuition
500
This psychological approach is based on the idea that children are wired to learn language and they will acquire language no matter what.
Nativist Approach
500
These styles of teaching describe the teacher's role in the classroom; where teachers either directly deliver information for students to obtain, or provide interactive experiences to promote learning.
Teacher- Centered vs. Student Centered Classroom
500
This form of motivation comes from within a person, to achieve their goals or achieve personal enjoyment.
Intrinsic (Integrative) Motivation
500
This is the process of recognizing why a student makes errors, and how to fix them.
Error Analysis
500
James Cummins' idea of skills in formal academic, or written, language.
Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency (CALP)
500
This commandment can be best honored by telling the student explicitly that you believe in them.
Build Self-Confidence
600
This Natural Approach utilizes the new language and culture to teach a certain topic, thereby encouraging new language acquisition.
Content-Based Instruction (CBI)
600
This theorist proposed a learning scale which breaks down the most affective ways we learn. With experiencing and teaching information as the most affective processes to acquire learning.
William Glasser
600
This is an assessment of one's own worth based on specific traits as intelligence or athletic ability.
Situational Self-esteem
600
This is Stephen Krashen's hypothesis that differentiates the conscious and subconscious methods of learning or acquiring a new language.
Acquisition Learning Hypothesis
600
This describes a teacher's ability to use their favorite methods of teaching mixed with their students' most appealing method of acquisition.
Enlightened Eclecticism
600
This commandment advises the teacher to help students become excited about the prospect of learning a new language.
Develop Intrinsic Motivation