Conditionals
What is the structure of the zero conditional?
If + present simple, present simple
Correct the reported speech:
She said, “I like coffee.”
She said that she liked coffee
Which modal verb shows permission?
Can/May
Passive voice of: “They clean the room every day.”
The room is cleaned every day.
Which relative pronoun is used for things?
Which
Complete the sentence:
If it rains tomorrow, we ___ (stay) inside.
Will stay
Reported question: He asked, “Where do you live?”
He asked where I lived
Choose the correct modal: You ___ finish this today. It’s urgent.
Must
Passive voice: “He wrote the letter.”
The letter was written (by him).
Fill in:
The girl ___ won the contest is my cousin.
Who
Complete the sentencie:
What would you do if you ___ (be) in my position?
Were
Reported command: “Don’t touch that!” she said.
She told me not to touch that.
Which modal verb expresses a logical deduction? (e.g., He ___ be tired – he just ran a marathon.)
Must
Passive voice: “Someone has eaten the cake.”
The cake has been eaten.
What’s the difference between defining and non-defining relative clauses?
Defining clauses are essential to meaning (no commas); non-defining give extra info (with commas).
Choose the correct form: If she had listened to me, she ___ (not/get) lost.
wouldn't have gotten
Reported speech: “We’ve been waiting for an hour,” they said.
They said they had been waiting for an hour.
Complete: She ___ have taken the wrong bus – that’s why she’s late.
might / may / could
Why can’t we form passive voice with intransitive verbs?
Because they don’t take an object that can become the subject of the passive sentence.
Combine using a relative clause: The painting is beautiful. It was stolen last year.
The painting that was stolen last year is beautiful.
Explain the meaning and structure of this mixed conditional:
"If I had taken the job, I would be living in Paris now.”
The condition refers to a past action, and the result refers to a present situation.
Transform:
“Will you be joining us for dinner?” she asked.
She asked if I would be joining them for dinner.
Explain the difference in meaning: “You should have called me” vs. “You could have called me.”
Should have" implies criticism or an expectation. "Could have" implies possibility but not necessarily obligation.
Transform: “They should have informed us earlier.”
We should have been informed earlier.
Rewrite using a non-defining clause: “London is a large city. It attracts millions of tourists.”
London, which is a large city, attracts millions of tourists.