History of Flight/FAA
Document that outlines pilot certification standards
ACS (Airman Certification Standards)
List the different kinds of aircraft powerplants
Inline, radial, rotary, V, horizontally opposed
Define angle of attack
The angle between the chord line and relative wind on an airfoil
Composition of the atmosphere (with percentages)
78% Nitrogen
21% Oxygen
1% Trace gas/other
What kind of flaps does the C172S have?
Single-slotted flaps
The Federal Aviation Administration's Mission
To provide the safest and most efficient aerospace system in the world.
Define monocoque, semi-monocoque, and composite aircraft structure
Monocoque: stressed skin to support all loads
Semi-monocoque: skin and frame share stress/load
Composite: seamless surface held together by core fiber resin
Define dynamic and static stability. List each sub category and provide an example for each reaction.
Static stability: initial reaction (positive, neutral, negative)
Dynamic stability: reaction over time through oscillations (positive, neutral, negative)
Define a standard day
Sea level, 15 C, 29.92 " Hg
The aileron _____ about the ______ axis.
The elevator _____ about the _____ axis.
The rudder _____ about the _____ axis.
The aileron ROLLS about the LONGITUDINAL axis.
The elevator PITCHES about the LATERAL axis.
The rudder YAWS about the VERTICAL axis.
The place the Wright Brother's achieved their first flight
KittyHawk, North Carolina
Four types of aircraft landing gear
Tailwheel, tricycle, skis, and floats
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
List and describe the three left turning tendencies (may use whiteboard to draw it out if needed)
Torque: Newton's 3rd Law
Spiraling slipstream: corkscrew of airflow deflecting to rudder
P-factor: asymmetric thrust
Define what center of gravity (CG) is
The point at which, if a string were attached, an object would be at equilibrium
What are trim systems designed to do?
What trim systems does the C172s have?
Relieve control pressure
Ground adjustable tab and elevator trim tab
Eligibility requirements to a Private Pilot Certificate
- 17 years old
- Read, speak, write, and understand English language
-Third class medical
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
Define and describe the C172S engine make and model.
Lycoming-IO-360-L2A
Horizontally opposed cylinders
360" of displacement
Direct drive, fuel injected, air cooled, naturally aspirated
At 60 degrees of bank, how much lift would a 2,500 lb aircraft need to generate?
5,000 lbs (2G)
Three things that create more lift
Faster velocity/speed, higher angle of attack, surface area
Define and describe the type of ailerons on the C172S
Differential frise type ailerons
Differential: upward aileron deflects more than the downwards aileron
Frise: upward aileron sends part of it outwards to create additional drag
Define category, class, and type (airmen)
Category: airplane, rotorcraft, glider, lighter-than-air
Class: SEL, SES, MEL, MES
Type: for large aircraft or turbojets mainly (Ex. 737)
What are the dimensions of the C172S (length and width)? What is the propeller length?
Length: 27' 2"
Width: 36' 1"
Propeller: 76"
What are the limit load factors (range) for normal, utility, and acrobatic aircraft?
Normal: +3.8 G / -1.52 G
Utility: +4.4 G / -1.76 G
Acrobatic: +6.0 G / -3.0 G
How lift is generated (explain in depth/draw it out on the board)
Newton's 3rd Law & Bernoulli's Principle
Where is the flap motor located on the C172S? Why?
The magnetometer is on the left wing and the flaps are electrically actuated, so the motor is in the right wing to stop prevent interference.