Airway Management
How do you measure a NPA and OPA?
nose to earlobe
corner of mouth to earlobe
O2
What is the definition of overdose?
When a person takes a toxic or lethal dose of a substance
Define behavioral crisis vs psychiatric emergency
behavioral crisis: A mental health crisis is when someone's behaviors prevent them from functioning or indicate they might harm themselves or others.
psychiatric emergency: A psychiatric emergency is a dangerous or life-threatening situation in which a child needs immediate attention.
What is a key sign indicating CROUP?
Stridor & Seal-bark cough
What does PEEP stand for
Positive end expitory pressure
After placing an OPA the patient begins to gag. How do you removed the OPA?
Anatomically
What is the dose for a epi pen
0.3 mg
6 questions to ask someone who took a poison/toxin
what substance did you take, when did you take it, how much did you take, how much do you weigh, have you taken an antidote or another substance, have you ate or drank anything before or after the substance
What causes behavioral emergencies
a substance use disorder, schizophrenia, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, or acute mania.
What does night sweats indicate?
Tuberculosis
Most effective poitiion to open the air way
supine
How often are Aluminum Cylinders tested?
every 5 years
What are the six rights
Right:
patient, medication, dose, route, time, documentation
What is the most severe form of toxin ingestion
Botulism
Name to anxiety disorders
PTSD, Panic disorder, generalized anxiety,
What does the ‘S’ in the mnemonic ‘PASTE’ stand for?
Sputum
What is adult dose for activated charcoal
30g-100g
What does ATV stand for?
Automatic Transport Ventilator
What medication decrease its affect when the patient is on beta blockers
Albuterol
What is the antidote for cholinergie reaction
Atropine
What are two basic categories of diagnosis
organic functional
What is pleural effusion?
Collection of fluid outside the lung on 1 OR both sides of the chest
The physical act of moving air in and out of the lungs is called
ventilation
Suction the airway for no longer than 15 min intervals and provide BVM ventilations.
Activated charcoal is an example of a
suspension
key symptom of anticholinergic
dry mucus membrane/skin
Symptoms of schizophrenia
delusions, hallucinations, erratic speech
What does COPD stand for
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Oxycodone is a narcotic and in high doses cause what?
respiratory depression
What is the equation for minute volume and define each variable?
Tidal Volume (amount of air moved in/out with each breath) x Respiratory Rate (number of breaths taken per minute) = Minute Volume (the amount of air moved throughout the lungs in 1 min)
What are the trade names for ibuprofen
advil, nuprin, motrin
You arrive on scene to a house with a patient on the front porch vommiting and slightly confused as you get closer you smell rotten egg type smell. What is causing these symptoms?
Hydrogen sulfate
Indications of central nervous system dysfunction
rapid moving eyes
In what form does pertussis travel?
Droplets
able to swallow
What are the chemoreceptors responsible for?
Monitors levels of oxygen and CO2 in blood.
A medication with antagonistic properties is one that
blocks receptor sites and prevents other chemicals from attaching
You are on scene of a 17yr old male who is very agitated and keeps screaming and yelling. The patients friend says "He is never like this" You try to talk to the patient but he seems out of touch with reality. What did they take?
Hallucinogen
What is psychosis
a state of delusion in which the person is out of touch with reality
What is pneumonia?
Infection in the lungs-> “air sacs” may fill with air or fluid [blood]
Why is nitro contraindicated for head injuries
Can cause brain bleed due to vasodialation
Name the components of the airway (upper and lower) in order.
Mouth, Nose, Nasopharynx, oropharynx, pharynx, epiglottis, larynx, trachea, bronchus, bronchi, bronchioles, aveoli,
What does transcutaneous mean
absorbs threw the skin
24yr old female went out with her friends when her friends said she disappeared for a while and found her drowsy and breathing slow before passing out. She didnt remember what happened after waking up. What substance did she take?
Sedative/hypnotic
What are symptoms of excited delirium
hyper active irrational behavior, hallucinations, hypertension, hyperthermia, tachycardia
Name 3 treatments for RSV
Humidified oxygen
Antivirals
Mucus suction
Push fluids
Bronchodilators
How does the body compensate for increased CO2 levels?
Increases rate and depth of breathing
A reduced tidal volume would most likely occur from?
Unequal Chest rise expansion
List of the routes of administration
IM,IO,IV,IN, inhalation, PO,PR, subcutaneous, sublingual, transcutaneous
32yr old male who is very aggressive and confused. He is breathing heavy and is grinding his teeth with occasional muscle twitches. What substance did he take
Synthetic cathinones/bath salts
Restriction of chest wall movement or airway obstrucction
positional asphysion
If humidified oxygen is not readily available what is a common, temporary, substitute?
If warm and humid outside move the patient outdoors
how does Status asthmaticus affect patient
prolonged condition, pt does not respond to meds (inhalers) during an asthma attack
How does ventilation differ from Oxygenation?
Ventilation is the physical process of moving air in and out of lungs
oxygenation is the process of loading oxygen onto the hemoglobin in the blood stream
Similarities and differences between antiplatlet and anti coagulant
Similar: both affect the blood
Difference: antiplatelet cause platelets to aggregate while anticoagulants interfere with blood clotting
18yr old female who appears drowsy and relaxed begins vomiting uncontrollably. All they did according to the friend was smoke weed. What is the treatment and what is the vomiting called. (must get both)
Take hot shower and hyperemesis
Temporary or permanent dysfunction of the brain caused by a disturbance in the physical or physiological functioning of brain tissue.
Organic brain syndrome
Signs of epiglottitis
sore throat, difficult swallowing, fever
Define chronic bronchitis
results of damage of protective membrane that removes foreign particles