A
The ability of children to manipulate, monitor, and create strategies describes what approach to thinking?
information processing
An infant sees a toy roll under a couch. Initially, they may not search for it, believing it has disappeared. As they develop, they learn that the toy still exists.
This is an example of what?
object permanence
According to Noam Chomsky, children are born with the ability to detect features and rules of language. This is called what?
language acquisition device (LAD)
A child believing that their stuffed animal can feel emotions and has thoughts of its own is an example of what?
animism
True or False:
Decision making involves finding an appropriate way to attain a goal.
false
Problem-solving
True or False:
Both critical thinking and decision making are important for adolescent learning.
True
A young child saying, "Want cookie!"
This is an example of what?
telegraphic speech
What is 15 times 3?
This question is an example of what type of thinking? Why?
convergent thinking; only one correct answer
Instead of just playing with the boxes as they are, the child imagines them as a spaceship, decorating it with markers and using their imagination to create a space adventure. This inventive use of materials and ability to think outside the box demonstrates what?
creativity
e.g. journalism
The process of ________ (1) involves taking in information, while ________ (2) refers to maintaining that information over time, and ________ (3) is the act of accessing and recalling the stored information.
What is the first phoneme is the word "cat."
/k/
"The color of happiness sings softly in the refrigerator."
Describe what is correct and what is incorrect about this sentence
syntactically correct but semantically incorrect
What approach hypothesizes that infants are born with domain-specific innate knowledge systems about space, numbers, language, and object permanence?
core knowledge approach
Once learned, a person can ride a bike without consciously thinking about balancing or pedaling. Even after years without practice, most people can quickly recall how to ride a bike.
This is considered what type of memory?
implicit memory
Instead of just shooting free throws during a game, the player spends time in practice specifically focusing on their technique. They may set a goal to make a certain number of free throws in a row, analyze their shooting form, and receive feedback from a coach. This structured approach, aimed at improving specific skills, is an example of what?
deliberate practice
How plural nouns are formed in English. The rule states that to make most nouns plural, you add the suffix "-s" or "-es," such as "cat" becoming "cats" and "box" becoming "boxes."
This is an example of what type of rules?
morphological rules
Coming up with different uses for a common object, like a paperclip is an example of what type of thinking?
divergent thinking
Once a person has practiced and learned the layout of a keyboard, they can type without consciously thinking about the individual keys or the mechanics of typing. This allows them to focus on the content they are writing rather than the process of typing itself.
This is an example of what type of process?
automaticity
The student focuses on reading a textbook and taking notes, while filtering out the chatter of other customers, the sound of coffee machines, and background music. This ability to concentrate on their work despite the distractions around them demonstrates what?
selective attention
A toddler exposed to rich language interactions at home, such as parents reading books and engaging in conversations. This stimulating environment enhances the child's language development, while a less language-rich environment may hinder it.
This is an example of what?
The biological and environmental determinants of language
A child solving a puzzle and talking to themselves, saying things like, "This piece goes here." Vygotsky believed this helps the child organize thoughts and enhance problem-solving skills, reflecting important cognitive development.
This is an example of what type of behavior?
private speech
A participant is presented with a list of words, such as "apple, car, dog, chair." After a brief interval, they are asked to recall as many words as possible from the list. This task assesses the ability to hold and retrieve information in what?
short-term memory
The Raven-Matrices assesses abstract reasoning and problem-solving abilities through visual patterns and non-verbal tasks, minimizing reliance on language or specific cultural knowledge. Because it focuses on logic and pattern recognition, it aims to be fair to individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds, reducing biases that may affect performance on more traditional verbal tests.
This is an example of what?
culture-fair
Of the 3 semantically paired words below, two pairs are correct and one is incorrect. Can you identify the incorrect pair?
ocean-wave
chair-apple
mountain-hill
chair-apple