section four the goat
- Compare globes and maps pg 10
Globes are 3d models of the earth that accurately represent distances and directions but are not practical for detailed studies or navigation due to their massiveness. Maps are 2d representations that can be detailed and specific but may distort distances or areas due to their flat nature.
. What is cultural diffusion? Pg 72
The spread of ideas, inventions, or patterns of behavior is called diffusion, cultural diffusion is when things from cultures spread to other cultures/countries.
. What are the 5 themes of geography? Know how to explain them. Pg 8 and 9.
Location: It refers to where something is on Earth. The absolute location uses coordinates, using longitude and latitude lines. It is specific. Relative location is using places around to refer to a location.
Place: It describes the physical and human characteristics that make a location unique.
Human-environment interactions: It examines how people adapt to and modify their environment.
Movement: It looks at how people, goods, and ideas move from one place to another.
Region: about grouping places with similar characteristics.
.Types of maps and their functions. Pg 21
Physical maps: this map shows landforms and water bodies, the natural properties of a region, and physical places.
Political maps: this map shows countries, states, and cities.
Topographic maps: this map focuses on an area’s contour line.
Thematic maps: these maps focus on a specific topic like climate or population.
. What is carrying capacity? Pg 82
Carrying capacity is the number of living things an area can support. A place with fertile land can support more people than a land of poor quality or little land available for plants.
. What is population growth and what affects it? Pg 78
Population growth is the increase of the number of people in the world. It is affected by food production, job opportunities, resources, bigger cities, higher birth rates, etc.
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. What are asteroids, what are they made of and where are they? Pg 30
An asteroid is a rocky metallic object that orbits the sun in the solar system around the asteroid belt or Kuiper belt but is too small to be considered a planet. They are made out of clay and silicate rocks. They are also known as minor planets.
. Oldest map in the world and where it was located. Pg 10
The oldest known map is the Imago Mundi, which is a Babylonian clay tablet created about 2,500 years ago. It was located in Babylon, which is now a city in present-day Iraq.
. What is a tsunami and what causes it? Pg 40
A tsunami is a series of large ocean waves caused by underwater earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or landslides, creating a huge amount of waves. The waves can cause a lot of destruction when they reach the coast.
. What are some advantages of culture? Pg 71
Cultural Identity: Culture provides individuals with a sense of belonging and identity, shaping their values, beliefs, and traditions.
Personal Growth: Exposure to different cultures enhances empathy and tolerance. It can promote personal growth and understanding of others.
Economic Benefits: Cultural diversity can fuel creativity, innovation, and economic growth, as it brings together diverse ideas and perspectives.
. What does a GPS do and what is the full meaning? Pg 13
GPS or Global Positioning System was originally developed to help military forces know exactly where they were on the earth’s surface. The system uses a series of 30 satellites called Navstars, which beam information to the Earth. The exact position is displayed on a handheld receiver.
. What are the layers of the Earth and what are they made of? Pg 29
The core is the center of the earth and is made up of iron and nickel. The outer core is liquid, but the inner core is solid. Surrounding the core is the mantle, made out of magma–molten rock. Lastly, the thin layer of rock at the earth’s surface is the crust.
. What is weathering and what are the different types? Pg 42
. Weathering refers to physical and chemical processes that change the characteristics of rocks on or near the earth’s surface. There is mechanical weathering and chemical weathering.
. What are tectonic plates and how will you describe how they affect the earth? Pg 38
Tectonic plates are enormous moving pieces of the earth’s lithosphere. The different boundaries can differently affect the earth. Divergent boundaries can cause rift valleys and volcanoes. Convergent boundaries can cause earthquakes. Transform boundaries can cause faults.