3.1
Governor Argüelles’ main job in 1725
To reorganize and strengthen the colony.
What Governor Pacheco built
Fort San Luis to protect ships.
Chamorro population in 1759
About 1,654 people.
Caretaker force
A small group assigned to maintain order or control when leadership is absent.
How Governor Tobias improved economic policy
He promoted farming and trade instead of strict control
His recommendation to Spain
Move the capital to a better harbor (Apra Harbor).
Galleons began anchoring in Apra Harbor
Early 1700s, because it was safer and deeper.
Why galleons stopped coming (1754–1763)
Because of the Seven Years’ War.
Hispanicized
Made to adopt Spanish culture or language.
How he replaced forced labor
He paid Chamorros for their work.
Day-to-day life for Chamorros
Hard labor, farming, and following Spanish rules.
Guam’s new “port city”
Piti
Why Jesuits were expelled
Spain saw them as too powerful and wanted more control.
Expelled
Forced to leave a place or group.
Chamorro population when Cerain arrived
About 3,644 people.
Ethnicity
A group of people who share common cultural, linguistic, or ancestral traits.
Where the governor lived
In Hagåtña.
How people of Guam likely felt
Sad, confused, and upset—many trusted and depended on the priests.
Diplomat
A person who represents their country in foreign relations.
Where Parreño found an American prisoner (1811)
On the island of Pagan.
Mestizos
People of mixed European (usually Spanish) and Indigenous ancestry.
What caused severe hardships
Forced labor, disease, and food shortages.
Catholic order that took over
The Capuchins.
Militiamen
Local soldiers who are not part of a regular army.
Why Americans tried to start a colony in the Northern Islands
To set up trade and whaling bases.