U.S Documents
What document declared that "all men are created equal"?
The Declaration of Independence
Which branch of government makes laws
The Legislative Branch.
What invention led to a shift from human labor to machines in factories?
The Industrial Revolution.
What invention by Eli Whitney increased cotton production in the South?
The cotton gin.
What term describes loyalty to a region rather than the whole country?
Sectionalism.
What document was the first framework of government for the United States but was replaced because it was too weak?
Articles of Confederation.
Which branch of government enforces laws?
The Executive Branch.
What system of transportation grew rapidly in the North to connect cities and markets?
Railroads.
What type of large farm was central to the Southern economy?
A plantation.
Why did the North support tariffs while the South opposed them?
tariffs helped Northern factories but raised costs for the Southern economy.
What document outlines the powers and structure of government? Including separation of powers?
The Constitution
Which branch executes the Laws?
Judicial Branch
What were the main types of goods produced in Northern factories
Textiles, tools, and manufactured goods.
What was the South’s main export?
Cotton
What is one cultural difference between the North and South during this period?
The North valued industry and urban growth,
What agreement admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state?
The Missouri Compromise
What is one way the Legislative Branch can check the power of the Executive Branch?
Overriding by a veto
What term describes goods sent to other countries for trade?
Exports.
How did the Southern economy depend on enslaved labor?
Plantations relied on enslaved people for cultivating and harvesting crops.
What issue was at the center of most debates between the North and South?
Slavery.
What Supreme Court decision ruled that enslaved people were property and not citizens?
Dred Scott v. Sandford.
What is the process of reviewing laws to determine if they are constitutional called?
Judicial Review
What was one major difference between the Northern and Southern economies?
The North relied on industry and factories, while the South relied on agriculture and plantations.
What was a major reason Southern states opposed tariffs?
Tariffs increased the cost of imported goods the South depended on.
What event marked the beginning of open conflict between the North and South?
The Civil War.