CATEGORY 1: FOUNDATIONS OF BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS (A.1–A.5)
Q: What are the three goals of behavior analysis as a science?
A: Description, prediction, and control.
Q: A specific instance of behavior is called what?
A: A response.
Q: Reinforcers that do not require learning to be effective are called what?
A: Unconditioned reinforcers.
Q: When a behavior occurs more often in the presence of a specific stimulus, this is called what?
A: Stimulus control.
Q: Behavior controlled by verbal instructions rather than direct experience with consequences is called what?
A: Rule-governed behavior.
Q: The idea that all behavior has a cause describes which philosophical assumption?
A: Determinism.
Q: A group of stimuli that share common features is called what?
A: A stimulus class.
Q: A punisher that acquires its effect through learning is what type?
A: Conditioned punisher.
Q: Responding only to “red lights” but not “green lights” is an example of what?
A: Stimulus discrimination.
Q: A verbal operant controlled by a motivating operation and reinforced by the item requested is what?
A: Mand.
Q: How does radical behaviorism explain behavior?
A: By including both observable behavior and private events as subject to the same environmental variables.
Q: Which type of conditioning involves reflexive, elicited behavior?
A: Respondent conditioning.
Q: A schedule in which reinforcement is delivered after a fixed number of responses is what schedule?
A: Fixed Ratio (FR).
Q: A child saying “dog” for different breeds of dogs is what type of generalization?
A: Stimulus generalization.
Q: A verbal response influenced by more than one variable describes what?
A: Multiple control.
Q: Which branch focuses on discovering principles of behavior through basic research?
A: The Experimental Analysis of Behavior (EAB).
Q: The removal of an aversive stimulus following a behavior describes what type of reinforcement?
A: Negative reinforcement.
Q: A reinforcement schedule involving two or more component schedules presented alternately, each with its own SD, is called what?
A: Multiple schedule.
Q: A behavior continuing to occur after intervention has ended describes what?
A: Response maintenance.
Q: Symmetry, transitivity, and equivalence are examples of what kind of learning processes?
A: Emergent relations.
Q: Name four of Baer, Wolf, and Risley's seven dimensions of ABA.
A: Applied, behavioral, analytic, technological, conceptually systematic, effective, generality.
Q: A consequence that occurs directly as a result of the behavior, without another person delivering it, is what type of contingency?
A: Automatic contingency.
Q: What is the term for withholding the unconditioned or conditioned stimulus that previously elicited a reflex?
A: Respondent extinction.
Q: What is the main difference between motivating operations and stimulus control?
A: MOs alter the value of a consequence; stimulus control alters the probability of a response due to an SD.
Q: When an individual allocates responses in proportion to the reinforcement available on each option, this describes what principle?
A: The matching law.