Sedimentary Rocks
What is sediment?
What are small pieces of rock that are moved and deposited by water, wind, glaciers, & gravity?
2 main ways metamorphic rocks are formed are?
What is heat & pressure?
What is weathering?
What is the process in which materials on or near Earth's surface break down & change?
When the temperature & pressure affect large regions of Earth's crust?
What is Regional Metamorphism?
The freeze-thaw cycles of water in the cracks of rocks?
What is Frost Wedging?
What is lithification?
What are the physical and chemical processes that transform sediments into sedimentary rocks?
Describe the difference between foliated & non-foliated metamorphic rocks!
What are foliated have layers and bands and non-foliated have blocky crystal shapes?
List 2 factors that affect rates of weathering?
What is hardness & the amount of surface area?
High temperature & mod-to-low pressure form minerals that are characteristics of?
What is contact metamorphism?
The chemical reaction of oxygen with other substances?
What is oxidation?
Compare & contrast compaction & cementation when forming sedimentary rocks!
What is compaction is the weight of overlying sediments forcing the sediment grains close together & cementation is the glueing of the rocks together? A similarity is they both form clastic rocks!
List the 3 rocks that are apart of the rock cycle!
What are Igneous, Sedimentary, & Metamorphic rocks?
What type of climate does mechanical weathering occur faster in?
What is cold & dry climates?
A type of weathering in which rocks & minerals break down into smaller pieces?
What is mechanical weathering?
The removal of weathered rock & soil from its original location?
What is erosion?
What is the difference between a breccia & a conglomerate rock?
What is a breccia rock is angular & a conglomerate rock is rounded due to traveling farther downstream?
How would a sedimentary rock become a metamorphic rock?
What is from heat & pressure?
What type of climate does chemical weathering occur faster in?
What is warm & wet climates?
The process by which rocks & minerals undergo changes in their composition?
What is chemical weathering?
After rock materials are transported, they are dropped in another location?
What is deposition?
List the 3 types of clastic rocks & describe each one!
What are:
1. Clastic = formed from compaction & cementation
2. Chemical = form from evaporation & precipiation
3. Organic = form from plants & animals
Describe in detail how the rock cycle works!
What is rocks are continuously changing from igneous to sedimentary to metamorphic based on heat, pressure, melting, cooling, compaction, cementation, and weathering and erosion?
Describe a type of mechanical weathering & chemical weathering in detail!
What is:
Mechanical = Frost wedging, wetting & drying, exfoliation, plant roots, & lichen and moss!Chemical = Hydrolysis, Oxidation, & Carbonic Acid
The process by which outer rock layers are stripped away?
What is exfoliation?
Carbon dioxide (CO²) dissolves in water to form this acid?
What is Carbonic Acid?