Basics & Patho
Define seizure
An abnormal electrical activity in the brain
Seizure affecting one area of the brain
Focal seizure
What is a visual warning before a seizure occurs?
Aura
What is status epilepticus?
A seizure lasting >5 minutes
What is the first action during seizure?
Protect the person from injury
What is epilepsy?
2+ unprovoked seizures
Seizure involving both hemispheres
Generalized seizure
Ictal phase
What is the first line IV med for status epilepticus?
Lorazepam (diazepam)
What NOT to put in a seizing person's mouth
ANYTHING
What determines seizure symptoms?
The location of brain activity
Seizure with blank stare for 5-10 seconds
Absence seizure
Phase when person is confused/sleepy post seizure
Postictal phase
What diet is used for refractory seizures?
ketogenic diet
What position should the person be put in during a seizure?
Side-lying
What is seizure threshold?
determines how easily a seizure occurs due to triggers
Seizure with tonic, then clonic phases
Tonic-Clonic seizure
*c'mon guys, that was too easy*
Lip smacking or picking behaviors are classified as what?
Automatisms
What percentage of people do not respond to seizure medication?
30%
What are key document details?
The start & end time and description
What is the most common cause of seizures in older adults?
Stroke
Sudden loss of muscle tone and fall risk
Atonic seizure
Cyanosis risk occurs during?
Tonic phase
What is it called when someone does not respond to medication and continue to seize?
Intractable seizures (drug-resistant epilepsy)
What is the driving restriction timeframe?
Around 6 months, seizure-free